Fatores associados à escolha da via de parto entre estudantes do curso de Medicina no Sul do Brasil / Factors associated with choice of birth delivery route among medical students in Southern Brazil

RESUMO

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados à escolha da via de parto entre estudantes do curso de Medicina em uma universidade no Sul do país. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com estudantes de Medicina da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul) ­ Tubarão, no período de julho a novembro de 2019. Resultados: Fizeram parte da pesquisa 423 alunos, homens e mulheres, dos aproximadamente 600 matriculados no período. A maioria dos alunos considerou o parto vaginal (PV) mais seguro, e 44,1% dos estudantes escolheriam essa via para si/sua companheira. O principal motivo pelo qual os alunos escolheram PV foi a "alta hospitalar precoce", e o principal motivo que levou à escolha de cesariana (PC) foi a "ausência de dor durante o parto". Houve associação entre renda mais baixa e a escolha do PV (p = 0,002). A via de parto pela qual o estudante nasceu também se associou com a que ele escolheria (p = 0,001). Ademais, houve significância estatística entre a via de parto que o aluno considerou mais segura e a que ele de fato escolheria (p = 0,001). Todas as alunas que já tiveram filhos realizaram PC. Conclusão: O fator mais relevante de escolha do PC foi a "ausência de dor durante o parto", enquanto do PV foi "alta hospitalar precoce".(AU)

ABSTRACT

Objective: To identify the factors associated with the choice of birth delivery route among medical students at a university in the south of Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with medical students from the University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul) ­ Tubarão, from July to November 2019. Results: Four hundred twenty three students took part in the research, men and women, out of the approximately 600 enrolled in the period. Most students considered vaginal delivery (VD) to be safer, and 44.1% of students would choose this route for their partner. The main reason why students chose VD was "early hospital discharge", and the main reason that led to the choice of cesarean section (CS) was "no pain during childbirth". There was an association between lower income and the choice of VD (p = 0.002). The route of delivery that the student was born was also associated with the one he would choose (p = 0.001). In addition, there was statistical significance between the route of delivery that the student considered safer with the one he would actually choose (p = 0.001). All female students who already had children underwent CS. Conclusion: The most relevant factor for choosing CS was "no pain during delivery", while for VD was "early hospital discharge".(AU)