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Antiparasitic and immunomodulating effects of nitazoxanide, ivermectin and selenium on Cryptosporidium infection in diabetic mice / Efeitos antiparasitários e imunomodulantes da nitazoxanida, ivermectina e selênio sobre a infecção por Cryptosporidium em camundongos diabéticos
Fahmy, Mennat-Elrahman Ahmed; Abdelaal, Amany Ahmed; Hassan, Soad Ismail; Shalaby, Maisa Ahmed; Ismail, Mousa Abdelgawad Mousa; Khairy, Rasha Ahmed; Badawi, Manal Abdelmaged; Afife, Adam Ashraf; Fadl, Hanaa Omar.
  • Fahmy, Mennat-Elrahman Ahmed; Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. Medical Parasitology Department. Giza. EG
  • Abdelaal, Amany Ahmed; Cairo University. Faculty of Medicine. Medical Parasitology Department. Cairo. EG
  • Hassan, Soad Ismail; Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. Medical Parasitology Department. Giza. EG
  • Shalaby, Maisa Ahmed; Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. Medical Parasitology Department. Giza. EG
  • Ismail, Mousa Abdelgawad Mousa; Cairo University. Faculty of Medicine. Medical Parasitology Department. Cairo. EG
  • Khairy, Rasha Ahmed; Cairo University. Faculty of Medicine. Pathology Department. Cairo. EG
  • Badawi, Manal Abdelmaged; National Research Institute. Faculty of Medicine. Pathology Department. Giza. EG
  • Afife, Adam Ashraf; Leicester University. Faculty of Medicine. College of Life Sciences. GB
  • Fadl, Hanaa Omar; Cairo University. Faculty of Medicine. Medical Parasitology Department. Cairo. EG
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 30(4): e012121, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1351871
ABSTRACT
Abstract The present work aims to investigate the antiparasitic and the immunomodulating effects of nitazoxanide (NTZ) and ivermectin (IVC) alone or combined together or combined with selenium (Se), on Cryptosporidium infection in diabetic mice. The results revealed that the combined NTZ and IVC therapy achieved the highest reduction of fecal oocysts (92%), whereas single NTZ showed the lowest reduction (63%). Also, adding Se to either NTZ or IVC resulted in elevation of oocyst reduction from 63% to 71% and from 82% to 84% respectively. All treatment regimens, with the exception of NTZ monotherapy, showed a significant improvement in the intestinal histopathology, the highest score was in combined NTZ and IVC therapy. The unique results of immunohistochemistry in this study showed reversal of the normal CD4/CD8 T cell ratio in the infected untreated mice, however, following therapy it reverts back to a normal balanced ratio. The combined (NTZ+ IVC) treatment demonstrated the highest level of CD4 T cell expression. Taken together, NTZ and IVC combined therapy showed remarkable anti-parasitic and immunostimulatory effects, specifically towards the CD4 population that seem to be promising in controlling cryptosporidiosis in diabetic individuals. Further research is required to explore other effective treatment strategies for those comorbid patients.
RESUMO
Resumo O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos anti-parasitários e imunomodulantes da nitazoxanida (NTZ) e ivermectina (IVC), isoladas ou em associação, e do selênio (SE), associado à NTZ ou à IVC, sobre a infecção por Cryptosporidium em camundongos diabéticos. Os resultados revelaram que a terapia combinada com NTZ e IVC resultou em maior redução de oocistos fecais, enquanto a NTZ isolada mostrou a menor redução de oocistos fecais (63%). Além disso, a associação do SE com a NTZ ou IVC resultou em redução do número de oocistos fecais de 63% para 71% e de 82% para 84%, respectivamente. Todos os tratamentos, com exceção da monoterapia com NTZ, mostraram uma melhora significativa nos índices relacionados à histopatologia intestinal. Os resultados da imuno-histoquímica mostraram reversão da razão celular CD4/CD8 T normal nos camundongos infectados não tratados, no entanto, após a terapia, houve retorno à razão celular CD4/CD8 T normal. O tratamento combinado (NTZ+ IVC) demonstrou o mais alto nível de expressão celular CD4 T. Em conclusão, a terapia combinada com NTZ e IVC mostrou efeitos anti-parasitários e imunoestimuladores notáveis, especificamente para a população CD4, que parecem ser promissores para o controle da criptosporidiose em indivíduos diabéticos.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Rodent Diseases / Selenium / Cryptosporidiosis / Cryptosporidium / Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Rev. bras. parasitol. vet Year: 2021 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Cairo University/EG / Leicester University/GB / National Research Institute/EG / Theodor Bilharz Research Institute/EG

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Rodent Diseases / Selenium / Cryptosporidiosis / Cryptosporidium / Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Rev. bras. parasitol. vet Year: 2021 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Cairo University/EG / Leicester University/GB / National Research Institute/EG / Theodor Bilharz Research Institute/EG