Infantile hemangiomas: risk factors for complications, recurrence and unaesthetic sequelae
An. bras. dermatol
;
97(1): 37-44, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1360072
ABSTRACT
Abstract Background:
Infantile hemangiomas (IH) occur in approximately 4% to 10% of the pediatric population. The identification of clinical subtypes and conditions that indicate increased risk for complications is essential for therapeutic success.Objectives:
To identify risk factors for complications, recurrence and unaesthetic sequelae.Methods:
Retrospective cohort of patients with infantile hemangiomas undergoing follow-up at the Dermatology Service of Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, between 2006 and 2018.Results:
190 patients were included; 24% had some type of complication, ulceration being the most frequent, and 86% required treatment. On correlation, ulceration was statistically related to mixed IH (p = 0.004), segmental IH (p < 0.01) and location in the gluteal region (p = 0.001). The mean time of treatment with propranolol was 12.7 months. Patients with PHACES syndrome and segmental infantile hemangioma required longer treatment (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0407, respectively), as well as those who started treatment after five months of life (p < 0.0001). Recurrence occurred in 16.6% of the treated patients, all-female; 94% were located on the head and neck (mainly on the upper eyelid, cyrano, S3 segment, and with parotid involvement); 61% and 38.8% were of the mixed and deep subtypes, respectively. Approximately 1/3 of the patients had some unaesthetic sequelae. Studylimitations:
As this is a retrospective study, data and photos of some patients were lost.Conclusions:
Mixed and segmental hemangiomas are risk factors for ulceration and sequelae. Recurrence occurs more often in females and segmental hemangiomas. Segmental infantile hemangioma and PHACES syndrome require a longer time of treatment. Specific protocols are required for infantile hemangiomas with a high risk of recurrence.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Skin Neoplasms
/
Hemangioma
Type of study:
Etiology study
/
Practice guideline
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
Language:
English
Journal:
An. bras. dermatol
Journal subject:
Dermatology
Year:
2022
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre/BR
/
Universidade Federal do Pampa/BR
/
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul/BR
/
Universidade de São Paulo/BR
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