Efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de Camellia sinensis y propóleo, frente a cepas de Streptococcus mutans / Antibacterial effect of the ethanolic extract of Camellia sinensis and propolis, against strains of Streptococcus mutans

RESUMEN

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico del té verde (Camellia sinensis) y propóleo a una concentración de 10, 20 y 30% a las 24 y 48 horas sobre Streptococcus mutans. Métodos. Estudio experimental, in vitro, comparativo, con muestra no probabilística de 150 discos de papel, distribuidos en 30 placas Petri previamente preparadas con agar sangre e inoculadas con cepas de Streptococcus mutans, se colocaron tres discos embebidos en extracto etanólico al 10, 20 y 30%, un disco en clorhexidina 0,12% (control positivo) y un disco en agua destilada, fueron llevadas a la incubadora y pasadas las 24 horas y 48 horas se midieron los correspondientes halos de inhibición. Los extractos se obtuvieron mediante un proceso de maceración modificado, en aparato de agitación rotatorio. Resultados. El mayor halo inhibitorio del extracto etanólico de Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis) frente a Streptococcus mutans fue en la concentración al 30% a las 24 h y 48 h, mientras que el mayor halo inhibitorio del extracto etanólico de propóleo, fue en la concentración al 30% a las 24 h, por lo tanto, los extractos naturales mostraron ser sensibles en la escala de Duraffourd. Conclusiones. Se evidenció que el propóleo al 30% mostró un efecto antibacteriano similar a la clorhexidina, considerada gold estándar, el tiempo en el que existió mayor efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico de C. sinensis y propóleo frente a Streptococcus mutans, fue a las 24 horas, el diámetro de los halos inhibitorios disminuyó, conforme aumentó el tiempo de exposición al microorganismo.

ABSTRACT

Objective. To determine the antibacterial effect of the ethanolic extract of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and propolis at a concentration of 10, 20 and 30% at 24 and 48 hours on Streptococcus mutans. Methods. Experimental, in vitro, comparative study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 150 paper discs, distributed in 30 Petri dishes previously prepared with blood agar and inoculated with strains of Streptococcus mutans, were placed 3 discs soaked in ethanolic extract at 10, 20 and 30%, 1 disk in 0.12% chlorhexidine (positive control) and 1 disk in distilled water, they were taken to the incubator and after 24 hours and 48 hours the measurements corresponding to the inhibition halos were made. The extracts were gotten by a modified maceration process, in a rotary stirring apparatus. Results. The highest inhibitory halo of the ethanolic extract of C. sinensis against Streptococcus mutans was in the concentration at 30% at 24 h and 48 h, while the highest inhibitory halo of the ethanolic extract of propolis, was in the concentration at 30% at 24 h; therefore, the natural extracts showed to be sensitive on the Duraffourd scale. Conclusions. It was evidenced that 30% propolis showed an antibacterial effect similar to chlorhexidine, considered gold standard, the time in which there was a greater antibacterial effect of the ethanolic extract of Camellia Sinensis and propolis against Streptococcus mutans, was at 24 hours, taking into account that the diameter of the inhibitory halos decreased, as the exposure time to the microorganism increased