COVID-19 causa pancreatite? / Does covid-19 cause pancreatitis?

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background Viral infections can cause acute pancreatitis. Idiopathic pancreatitis has an important proportion in the etiology of acute pancreatitis. Objective To investigate the rate of development of acute pancreatitis (AP) in COVID-19 patients and to determine the rate of idiopathic pancreatitis in the etiology of this pancreatitis. Methods A total of 6.467 patients hospitalized with the COVID-19 diagnosis were included in the study. Patients diagnosed with AP based on the Atlanta criteria were identified. Etiological factors were determined in patients who developed acute pancreatitis and compared with the etiological factors in 315 patients with non-COVID-19, hospitalized with the diagnosis of AP before the COVID-19 pandemic. AP was detected in 0.1% of patients with COVID-19. While gallstone was the etiologic factor in 2 (28.6%) of seven patients who developed acute pancreatitis during COVID-19, hyperlipidemia was the factor for 1 (14.3%) patient. Moreover, the etiologic factor could not be determined in 4 (57.1%) patients, and they were regarded as idiopathic pancreatitis patients. Biliary pancreatitis was the most common etiologic factor in 315 (78.4%) patients admitted to the hospital for AP before the COVID-19 pandemic. Idiopathic pancreatitis was ranked second with 16.8%. Conclusion It was observed that there was a significant difference in the incidence of idiopathic pancreatitis between patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 (P=0.015). Results suggest that the SARS-Cov-2 virus may be among the factors leading to AP.

RESUMO

RESUMO Contexto Infecções virais podem causar pancreatite aguda (PA). A pancreatite idiopática tem uma proporção importante na etiologia da pancreatite aguda. Objetivo Investigar a taxa de desenvolvimento de pancreatite aguda em pacientes com COVID-19 e determinar a taxa de pancreatite idiopática na etiologia desta pancreatite. Métodos No estudo foram incluídos 6.467 pacientes internados com o diagnóstico de COVID-19. Foram identificados pacientes diagnosticados com PA com base nos critérios de Atlanta. Fatores etiológicos foram determinados em pacientes que desenvolveram pancreatite aguda e comparados com os fatores etiológicos em 315 pacientes sem COVID-19, hospitalizados com o diagnóstico de PA antes da pandemia COVID-19. A PA foi detectada em 0,1% dos pacientes com COVID-19. Enquanto o cálculo biliar foi o fator etiológico em 2 (28,6%) dos sete pacientes que desenvolveram pancreatite aguda durante o COVID-19, a hiperlipidemia foi o fator para 1 (14,3%) paciente. Além disso, o fator etiológico não pôde ser determinado em 4 (57,1%) pacientes, sendo considerados pacientes com pancreatite idiopática. A pancreatite biliar foi o fator etiológico mais comum em 315 (78,4%) pacientes internados no hospital para PA antes da pandemia COVID-19. A pancreatite idiopática ficou em segundo lugar com 16,8%. Conclusão Observou-se que houve diferença significativa na incidência de pancreatite idiopática entre pacientes com COVID-19 e não COVID-19 (P=0,015). Os resultados sugerem que o vírus SARS-Cov-2 pode estar entre os fatores que levam à pancreatite aguda.