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Análisis de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos y nutricionales en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 e hipertensos esenciales usuarios de atención privada y pública / Analysis of cardiometabolic and nutritional risk factors in patients with diabetes type 2 and essential hypertension users of private and public care
Rozas S, Karina; Huerta G, Patricio; Ávalos U, Camila; Castro A, Hefziel; Cortes R, Marcela; Ahlborn C, Ingrid; Cañete V, Daniela; Solari C, Valentina.
  • Rozas S, Karina; Universidad de Tarapacá. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Iquique. CL
  • Huerta G, Patricio; s.af
  • Ávalos U, Camila; s.af
  • Castro A, Hefziel; s.af
  • Cortes R, Marcela; s.af
  • Ahlborn C, Ingrid; s.af
  • Cañete V, Daniela; s.af
  • Solari C, Valentina; s.af
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 7(3): 151-156, jul.-sept. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1381368
RESUMEN
La enfermedad cardiovascular es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en Chile, según resultados entregados por la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2017 un 3,3% de la población ha presentado un infarto agudo al miocardio, un 2,6% reporta haber sufrido un ataque cerebrovascular, el 74% de los chilenos presenta obesidad y un 87% sedentarismo, siendo la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) con un 12% y la hipertensión arterial con un 28% resultados que preocupan por su importante incremento. La investigación tuvo un diseño observacional de corte transversal. Se realizó en 69 pacientes con DM2 e hipertensos esenciales, entre 40 y 80 años de edad, pertenecientes al Sistema salud municipal (SMS) y privado (SPS) en la ciudad de Iquique. Se realizó encuesta alimentaria, medición antropométrica y exámenes bioquímicos y presión arterial. Al analizar ambos grupos se destaca los siguientes

resultados:

actividad física 17,24% SPS y 42,5% en SSM, presión arterial controlada 55,2% SPS y 87,5% en SSM, control de hemoglobina glicosilada 26,9% SPS y 52,5% en SSM, colesterol total alterado 17,9% SPS y 45% en SSM, síntomas depresivos 96,5% SPS y 26,3% en SSM. Se evidenció una prevalencia de mal nutrición por exceso de un 89,7% SPS y 95% SSM, riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) según circunferencia de cintura (CC) 96,5% SPS y 92,3% SSM. En relación a la encuesta alimentaria se observó que un 44,8% en usuarios SPS y 52,5% de SSM presentaron consumo alimentario hipercalórico. Los usuarios de atención privada y pública presentaron factores de riesgo cardiovascular, donde destacan la obesidad, sedentarismo y RCV según CC. Al comparar ambos grupos los usuarios SPS presentan menor control metabólico de su enfermedad y factores de riesgo cardiovascular aumentados en relación a los usuarios SSM.
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Chile, according to the results provided by the 2017 National Health Survey, 3.3% of the population has presented acute myocardial infarction, 2.6% reported have suffered a cerebrovascular accident, 74% of Chileans are obese and 87% have sedentary behavior, belonging to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) into 12% and arterial hypertension into 28%, alarming results due to their significant increase. The research had a cross-sectional observational study design. 69 patients with DM2 and essential hypertensive patients, between 40 and 80 years of age were studied, belonging to the municipal (SSM) and private (SPS) health systems in the city of Iquique. A food intake survey, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical and blood pressure tests were taken. When analyzing both groups, the following results stand out physical activity 17.24% in SPS and 42.5% in SSM, controlled blood pressure 55.2% in SPS and 87.5% in SSM, controlled glycosylated hemoglobin 26.9% in SPS and 52.5% in SSM, altered values of total cholesterol 17.9% in SPS and 45% in SSM, depression symptoms 96.5% in SPS and 26.3% in SSM. Prevalence of malnutrition due to excess 89.7% in SPS and 95% in SSM, cardiovascular risk (RCV) according to waist circumference (CC) 96.5% in SPS and 92.3% in SSM were evidenced. In relation to the food intake survey, it was observed that 44.8% of SPS users and 52.5% of SSM users consume hypercaloric diet. The users of private and public care presented cardiovascular risk factors, where the obesity, sedentary lifestyle and RCV related to CC stand out. When comparing both groups, SPS users have less control of their disease in relation to SSM users.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Cardiovascular Diseases / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: J. health med. sci. (Print) Journal subject: Medicina Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Tarapacá/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Cardiovascular Diseases / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: J. health med. sci. (Print) Journal subject: Medicina Year: 2021 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Tarapacá/CL