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Identification of the myodural bridge in a venomous snake, the gloydius shedaoensis: what is the functional significance? / Identificación del puente miodural en una serpiente venenosa, gloydius shedaoensis: ¿cuál es el significado funcional?
Li, Chan; Yue, Chen; Yan, Bao; Bi, Heng-Tao; Wang, Heng; Gong, Jin; Gilmore, Campbell; Yang, Heng; Yu, Sheng-Bo; Hack, Gary D; Sui, Hong-Jin.
  • Li, Chan; Dalian Medical University. College of Basic Medicine. Department of Anatomy. Dalian. CN
  • Yue, Chen; Hospital of Dalian Medical University. Dalian. CN
  • Yan, Bao; Administration of Liaoning Shedao Island Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve. CN
  • Bi, Heng-Tao; Administration of Liaoning Shedao Island Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve. CN
  • Wang, Heng; Administration of Liaoning Shedao Island Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve. CN
  • Gong, Jin; Dalian Medical University. College of Basic Medicine. Department of Anatomy. Dalian. CN
  • Gilmore, Campbell; St George's University of London. Medical School. London. GB
  • Yang, Heng; Dalian Medical University. College of Basic Medicine. Department of Anatomy. Dalian. CN
  • Yu, Sheng-Bo; Dalian Medical University. College of Basic Medicine. Department of Anatomy. CN
  • Hack, Gary D; University of Maryland. Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics. Baltimore. US
  • Sui, Hong-Jin; Dalian Medical University. College of Basic Medicine. Department of Anatomy. Dalian. CN
Int. j. morphol ; 40(2): 304-313, 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385602
ABSTRACT

SUMMARY:

Myodural bridges (MDB) are anatomical connections between the suboccipital muscles and the cervical dura mater which pass through both the atlanto-occipital and the atlanto-axial interspaces in mammals. In our previous studies, we found that the MDB exists in seven terrestrial mammal species, two marine mammal species, two reptilian species, and one bird species. A recent study suggested that given the "ubiquity" of myodural bridges in terrestrial vertebrates, the MDB may also exist in snakes. Specifically, we focused on the Gloydius shedaoensis, a species of Agkistrodon (pit viper snake) that is only found on Shedao Island, which is in the southeastern sea of Dalian City in China. Six head and neck cadaveric specimens of Gloydius shedaoensis were examined. Three specimens were used for anatomical dissection and the remaining three cadaveric specimens were utilized for histological analysis. The present study confirmed the existence of the MDB in the Gloydius shedaoensis. The snake's spinalis muscles originated from the posterior edge of the supraoccipital bones and the dorsal facet of the exocciput, and then extended on both sides of the spinous processes of the spine, merging with the semispinalis muscles. On the ventral aspect of this muscular complex, it gave off fibers of the MDB. These MDB fibers twisted around the posterior margin of the exocciput and then passed through the atlanto-occipital interspace, finally terminating on the dura mater. We observed that the MDB also existed in all of the snakes' intervertebral joints. These same histological findings were also observed in the Gloydius brevicaudus, which was used as a control specimen for the Gloydius shedaoensis. In snakes the spinal canal is longer than that observed in most other animals. Considering the unique locomotive style of snakes, our findings contribute to support the hypothesis that the MDB could modulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsations.
RESUMEN
RESUMEN Los puentes miodurales (MDB) son conexiones anatómicas entre los músculos suboccipitales y la duramadre cervical que pasan a través de los espacios intermedios atlanto-occipital y atlanto-axial en los mamíferos. En nuestros estudios anteriores, encontramos que el MDB existe en siete especies de mamíferos terrestres, dos especies de mamíferos marinos, dos especies de reptiles y una especie de ave. Un estudio reciente sugirió que dada la "ubicuidad" de los puentes miodurales en los vertebrados terrestres, el MDB también puede existir en las serpientes. Específicamente, nos enfocamos en Gloydius shedaoensis, una especie de Agkistrodon (serpiente víbora) que solo se encuentra en la isla Shedao, en el mar sureste de la ciudad de Dalian en China. Se examinaron seis especímenes cadavéricos de cabeza y cuello de Gloydius shedaoensis. Se utilizaron tres especímenes para la disección anatómica y los tres especímenes cadavéricos restantes se utilizaron para el análisis histológico. El presente estudio confirmó la existencia del MDB en Gloydius shedaoensis. Los músculos espinosos de la serpiente se originaron en el margen posterior de los huesos supraoccipital y la cara dorsal del exoccipucio, y luego se extendieron a ambos lados de los procesos espinosas de la columna vertebral, fusionándose con los músculos semiespinosos. En la cara ventral de este complejo muscular se desprendían fibras del MDB. Estas fibras MDB se ubican alrededor del margen posterior del exoccipucio y luego atraviesan el interespacio atlanto-occipital, terminando finalmente en la duramadre. Observamos que el MDB también existía en todas las articulaciones intervertebrales de las serpientes. Estos mismos hallazgos histológicos también se observaron en Gloydius brevicaudus, que se utilizó como muestra de control para Gloydius shedaoensis. En las serpientes, el canal espinal es más largo que el observado en la mayoría de los otros animales. Teniendo en cuenta el estilo único locomotor de las serpientes, nuestros hallazgos contribuyen a respaldar la hipótesis de que el MDB podría modular las pulsaciones del líquido cerebroespinal.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Cerebrospinal Fluid / Viperidae / Connective Tissue / Dura Mater Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: China / United States / United kingdom Institution/Affiliation country: Administration of Liaoning Shedao Island Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve/CN / Dalian Medical University/CN / Hospital of Dalian Medical University/CN / St George's University of London/GB / University of Maryland/US

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Cerebrospinal Fluid / Viperidae / Connective Tissue / Dura Mater Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: China / United States / United kingdom Institution/Affiliation country: Administration of Liaoning Shedao Island Laotie Mountain National Nature Reserve/CN / Dalian Medical University/CN / Hospital of Dalian Medical University/CN / St George's University of London/GB / University of Maryland/US