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Antimicrobial activity of bacteria isolated from tissue of the coral Palythoa caribaeorum (Zoantharia: Sphenopidae) from Paraíba, Brazil coastal reefs / Actividad antimicrobiana de bacterias aisladas del tejido del coral Palythoa caribaeorum (Zoantharia: Sphenopidae) de los arrecifes costeros de Paraíba, Brasil
Pereira, Jalcinês-C; Gorlach-Lira, Krystyna; De-Veras, Bruno-O.
  • Pereira, Jalcinês-C; Federal University of Paraiba. Post-graduation Program in Cell and Molecular Biology. BR
  • Gorlach-Lira, Krystyna; Federal University of Paraiba. Departament of Molecular Biology. BR
  • De-Veras, Bruno-O; Federal University of Pernambuco. Post-graduation Program in Tropical Medicine. BR
Rev. biol. trop ; 69(2)jun. 2021.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1387651
ABSTRACT
Abstract

Introduction:

The coral-associated bacteria with antimicrobial activity may be important to promote the health of their host through various interactions, and may be explored as a source of new bioactive compounds.

Objective:

To analyze the antimicrobial activity of bacteria associated with the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum from the coral reefs of Carapibus, Paraiba state, Brazil.

Methods:

The phylogenetic analysis of the bacteria was conducted based on partial sequences of the 16S rRNA gene using molecular and bioinformatics tools. The antimicrobial activity of the 49 isolates was tested against four bacterial strains and one yeast strain Bacillus cereus (CCT0198), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). The antibiosis and antibiogram assays were conducted and the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by the microdilution method.

Results:

The bacterial isolates belonged to Firmicutes phylum (84 % of the isolates) and the Proteobacteria phylum (16 % of the isolates). Among the 49 isolates five genera were found, with the Bacillus genus being the most abundant (82 % of the isolates), followed by Vibrio (10 %), Pseudomonas (4 %), Staphylococcus (2 %) and Alteromonas (2 %). Antibiosis test revealed that 16 isolates (33 %) showed antimicrobial activity against one or more of five tested reference strains. The highest number of antagonistic bacteria were found in the Bacillus genus (12 isolates), followed by Vibrio (three isolates) and Pseudomonas (one isolate) genera. The B. subtilis NC8 was the only isolate that inhibited all tested strains in the antibiosis assay. However, antibiogram test with post-culture cell-free supernatant of NC8 isolate showed the inhibition of only B. cereus, S. aureus and C. albicans, and the lyophilized and dialyzed material of this isolate inhibited only B. cereus. The lyophilized material showed bacteriostatic activity against B. cereus, with a MIC value of 125 μg/μl, and in the cytotoxicity assay, the hemolysis value was of 4.8 %, indicating its low cytotoxicity.

Conclusions:

The results show the antimicrobial potential of some bacterial isolates associated with the P. caribaeourum tissue, especially those belonged to Bacillus genus.
RESUMEN
Resumen

Introducción:

La actividad antimicrobiana realizada por las bacterias asociadas con los corales, además de promover la salud de su huésped, representa una fuente para obtener nuevos compuestos bioactivos.

Objetivo:

Analizar la actividad antimicrobiana de las bacterias asociadas con el zoantario Palythoa caribaeorum de los arrecifes de Carapibus, Paraíba, Brasil.

Metodología:

El análisis filogenético de la bacterias se realizó con base en secuencias parciales del gen RNAr 16S utilizando herramientas moleculares y de bioinformática. La actividad antimicrobiana de las cepas se probó contra cuatro cepas bacterianas y una cepa de levadura Bacillus cereus (CCT0198), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), utilizando ensayos antibiosis y antibiograma, y la concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) que se determinó por el método de microdilución.

Resultados:

Las cepas bacterianas pertenecían a Firmicutes (84 %) y Gammaproteobacteria (16 %). Entre 49 cepas se encontraron cinco géneros de bacterias Bacillus, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus y Alteromonas. Un total de 19 cepas exhibieron actividad antimicrobiana, siendo el género Bacillus el responsable del mayor número de bacterias antagonistas, con 12 cepas positivas en el ensayo de antibiosis y cuatro en la prueba de antibiograma. El mayor número de bacterias antagonistas se encontró en Bacillus (12 aislamientos), seguido por Vibrio (tres aislamientos) y Pseudomonas (un aisladmiento). El NC8, clasificado como Bacillus subtilis, inhibió todas las cepas estándar en el ensayo de antibiosis y las cepas de B. cereus, S. aureus y C. albicans en la prueba de antibiograma. El material liofilizado del B. subtilis NC8 mostró acción bacteriostática contra B. cereus, con un valor de CIM de 125 μg/μl. En la prueba de citotoxicidad, el grado de hemólisis fue del 4.8 % para el material liofilizado a las concentraciones probadas, lo que indica su baja citotoxicidad.

Conclusión:

Los resultados muestran el potencial antimicrobiano de algunos aislamientos bacterianos asociados al P. caribaeourum, especialmente los pertenecientes al género Bacillus.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Bacteria / Anthozoa Type of study: Observational study Language: English Journal: Rev. biol. trop Year: 2021 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Paraiba/BR / Federal University of Pernambuco/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Bacteria / Anthozoa Type of study: Observational study Language: English Journal: Rev. biol. trop Year: 2021 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Paraiba/BR / Federal University of Pernambuco/BR