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Recurrent hypoglycemic coma and diabetic ketoacidosis caused by insulin antibody: a rare case of type 1 diabetes mellitus / Hipoglicemia hiperinsulinémica causada por anticuerpos antiinsulina: informe de un caso
Kong, Yaping; Zhang, Yao; Cheng, Li; Ling, Cong; Hu, Xiling.
  • Kong, Yaping; Sun Yat-sen University. School of Nursing. Guangzhou. CN
  • Zhang, Yao; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism. Guangzhou. CN
  • Cheng, Li; Sun Yat-sen University. School of Nursing. Guangzhou. CN
  • Ling, Cong; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Department of Neurosurgery. Guangzhou. CN
  • Hu, Xiling; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Department of Medicine. Guangzhou. CN
Rev. méd. Chile ; 150(1): 115-119, ene. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389609
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Insulin antibodies (IAs) induced by exogenous insulin rarely cause hypoglycemia. However, insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) in insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) can cause hypoglycemia. The typical manifestations of IAS are fasting or postprandial hypoglycemia, elevated insulin level, decreased C-peptide levels, and positive IAA. We report a 45-year-old male with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treated with insulin analogues suffering from recurrent hypoglycemic coma and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). His symptoms were caused by exogenous insulin and were similar to IAS. A possible reason was that exogenous insulin induced IA. IA titers were 61.95% (normal 300 mU/L and < 0.02 nmol/L when hypoglycemia occurred. Based on his clinical symptoms and other examinations, he was diagnosed with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia caused by IA. His symptoms improved after changing insulin regimens from insulin lispro plus insulin detemir to recombinant human insulin (Gensulin R) and starting prednisone.
RESUMEN
Los anticuerpos contra la insulina (AI) inducidos por la insulina exógena raramente causan hipoglucemia. No obstante, los autoanticuerpos contra la insulina (AIA) en el síndrome autoinmune de insulina (SAI) pueden causar hipoglucemia. Las manifestaciones típicas del SAI son la hipoglucemia en ayunas o posprandial, niveles elevados de insulina, la disminución del nivel de péptido C y AIA positivos. Presentamos un paciente hombre de 45 años con diabetes mellitus de tipo 1 (DMT1) tratado con análogos de insulina, que sufría comas hipoglucémicos recurrentes y cetoacidosis diabética (CAD). Sus síntomas fueron causados por la insulina exógena y fueron similares al SAI. La posible razón fue que la insulina exógena indujo AI. El título de AI era del 61,95% (Normal 300 mU/L y < 0,02 nmol/L cuando se producía la hipoglucemia. Basados en sus síntomas clínicos y otros exámenes, se le diagnosticó hipoglucemia hiperinsulinémica causada por la AI. Sus síntomas mejoraron después de cambiar el régimen de insulina de lispro más insulina detemir a insulina humana recombinante (Gensulin R) y de empezar a tomar prednisona.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Hypoglycemia Limits: Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Rev. méd. Chile Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: China Institution/Affiliation country: Sun Yat-sen University/CN / The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University/CN

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Hypoglycemia Limits: Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Rev. méd. Chile Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: China Institution/Affiliation country: Sun Yat-sen University/CN / The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University/CN