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Fasting levels of appetite regulating hormones predict caloric intake at breakfast in a group of Chilean adolescents / Los niveles en ayunas de hormonas reguladoras del apetito predicen la ingesta energética en el desayuno en adolescentes
Lanuza, Fabián; Reyes, Marcela; Blanco, Estela; Burrows, Raquel; Peirano, Patricio; Algarín, Cecilia; Gahagan, Sheila.
  • Lanuza, Fabián; University of Barcelona. Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences. Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute. Department of Nutrition. Barcelona. ES
  • Reyes, Marcela; University of Chile. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology. Department of Public Health Nutrition. Santiago. CL
  • Blanco, Estela; University of California San Diego. Child Development and Community Health Division. La Jolla. US
  • Burrows, Raquel; University of Chile. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology. Department of Public Health Nutrition. Santiago. CL
  • Peirano, Patricio; University of Chile. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology. Department of Public Health Nutrition. Santiago. CL
  • Algarín, Cecilia; University of Chile. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology. Department of Public Health Nutrition. Santiago. CL
  • Gahagan, Sheila; University of California San Diego. Child Development and Community Health Division. La Jolla. US
Rev. méd. Chile ; 150(2): 163-171, feb. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389635
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Appetite regulation is integral to food intake and is modulated by complex interactions between internal and external stimuli. Hormonal mechanisms which stimulate or inhibit intake have been characterized, but the physiologic effects of serum levels of such hormones in short-term appetite regulation have received little attention.

AIM:

To evaluate whether fasting levels of orexigenic/anorexigenic hormones were associated with energy intake at breakfast, served soon after drawing a fasting blood sample, in a group of adolescents. MATERIAL AND

METHODS:

Anthropometry, body composition and fasting blood levels of leptin, insulin, ghrelin, and orexin-A were measured in 655 Chilean adolescents aged 16.8 ± 0.3 years (52% males). Energy intake was measured at a semi-standardized breakfast. Associations between hormone levels and energy intake were studied using multivariate linear models.

RESULTS:

Thirty nine percent of participants were overweight/ obese. After an overnight fast, median values for leptin, insulin, ghrelin and orexin-A were 7.3 ng/mL, 6.7 IU/dL, 200.8 pg/mL, and 16.1 pg/mL, respectively. Participants ate on average 637 ± 239 calories at breakfast. In multivariable models, insulin levels were inversely and independently associated with caloric intake at breakfast (β = −18.65; p < 0.05), whereas leptin, ghrelin and orexin-A levels were positively and independently associated with intake β= 5.56, β = 0.34 and β = 8.40, respectively, p < 0.05.

CONCLUSIONS:

Fasting leptin, ghrelin and orexin-A were positively associated with energy intake during breakfast provided soon after the blood draw. Insulin was negatively associated with energy intake. Modifiable factors influencing levels of appetite regulating hormones could be a potential target for influencing food intake.
RESUMEN
ANTECEDENTES La regulación del apetito es parte integral de la ingesta alimentaria y es modulada por complejas interacciones entre estímulos internos y externos. Se han caracterizado los mecanismos hormonales que estimulan o inhiben la ingesta, pero los efectos fisiológicos de los niveles séricos de tales hormonas en la regulación del apetito a corto plazo han recibido poca atención.

OBJETIVO:

Evaluar si los niveles en ayunas de hormonas orexigénicas/ anorexigénicas se asocian con la ingesta energética en el desayuno, entregado inmediatamente después de una muestra de sangre en ayunas, en un grupo de adolescentes. MATERIAL Y

MÉTODO:

Se efectuaron mediciones antropométricas, composición corporal y medición de niveles en ayunas de leptina, insulina, grelina y orexina-A en 655 adolescentes de 16,8 ± 0,26 años. La ingesta energética se midió en un desayuno semiestandarizado. Se estudiaron las asociaciones entre los niveles hormonales y la ingesta energética mediante modelos lineales multivariados.

RESULTADOS:

Los valores de leptina, insulina, grelina y orexina-A fueron 7,3 ng/mL, 6,7 UI/dL, 200,8 pg/mL y 16,1 pg/mL respectivamente. Los participantes comieron un promedio de 637 ± 239 calorías en el desayuno. Los niveles de insulina se asociaron inversa e independientemente con la ingesta del desayuno (β = −18,65; p < 0,05), mientras que los niveles de leptina, grelina y orexina-A se asociaron positiva e independientemente con la ingesta β = 5,65; β = 0,34; β = 8,40, (p < 0,05).

CONCLUSIONES:

La leptina, grelina y orexina-A en ayunas se asociaron positivamente con la ingesta de energía durante el desayuno proporcionado poco después de la muestra de sangre. La insulina se asoció negativamente con la ingesta de energía. Los factores modificables que influyen en las hormonas reguladoras del apetito podrían ser un objetivo potencial para influir en la ingesta de alimentos.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Appetite / Breakfast Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: English Journal: Rev. méd. Chile Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile / Spain / United States Institution/Affiliation country: University of Barcelona/ES / University of California San Diego/US / University of Chile/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Appetite / Breakfast Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: English Journal: Rev. méd. Chile Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile / Spain / United States Institution/Affiliation country: University of Barcelona/ES / University of California San Diego/US / University of Chile/CL