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Hiperglicemia y diabetes inducidas por esteroides / Hyperglycemia and steroid-induced diabetes
Lara, Mariarlenis.
  • Lara, Mariarlenis; Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau. Unidad de Diabetes. Santiago. CL
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 15(3): 110-117, 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1392449
RESUMEN
La hiperglicemia y/o diabetes inducida por esteroides, se define como la elevación de la glicemia, causada por la acción de los fármacos glucocorticoideos, sobre el metabolismo de los carbohidratos, y presenta una prevalencia entre un 20% al 50%, en pacientes sin diabetes previa, existiendo mayor riesgo para esta patología en pacientes con diabetes pre-existente, obesidad, uso crónico de esteroides o en dosis altas, entre otros. El diagnóstico se rige por los criterios para diabetes en la mayoría de los casos. No obstante, existen casos en donde la hiperglicemia por esteroides es sub-diagnosticada. Su manejo se basa en el tratamiento farmacológico (antidiabéticos orales, subcutáneos e insulina) y no farmacológico (dieta y ejercicio), tomando en cuenta, el patrón glicémico, peso, edad, co-morbilidades, dosis, tipo y tiempo de uso de los esteroides. La relevancia de conocer como diagnosticar y tratar dicha patología, se debe al riesgo de ingreso hospitalario, de infección, de mala cicatrización y de mortalidad en casos no tratados. En vista del aumento del uso de glucocorticoides en la actualidad, se hace una revisión del abordaje terapéutico de la hiperglicemia y diabetes inducida por esteroides.
ABSTRACT
Hyperglycemia and Steroid-induced Diabetes is defined as the elevation of glycemia caused by the action of glucocorticoid drugs on carbohydrate metabolism, with a prevalence between 20% and 50% in patients without Diabetes. Though, there is a greater risk of this pathology in patients with pre-existing Diabetes, Obesity, chronic use of steroids or in high doses, among others. In most cases, the diagnosis is governed by the criteria of Diabetes; however, there are cases where hyperglycemia Steroid-induced is under-diagnosed. Its management is based on pharmacological treatment (oral and subcutaneous hypoglycemic agents and insulin) and non-pharmacological treatment (diet and exercise), in accordance with the glycemic pattern, weight, age, co-morbidities, dose, type and the duration of the use of steroid. The relevance of knowing how to diagnose and treat this pathology is the risk of hospital admission, infection, poor healing and mortality in untreated cases. In view of the increased use of glucocorticoids nowadays, a review is made about the therapeutic approach to hyperglycemia and steroid-induced Diabetes.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Steroids / Diabetes Mellitus / Hyperglycemia Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes Journal subject: Endocrinology Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Steroids / Diabetes Mellitus / Hyperglycemia Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes Journal subject: Endocrinology Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau/CL