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Involuntary Emotional Expression Disorder in a Patient With Toluene Leukoencephalopathy / Trastorno de expresión emocional involuntaria en un paciente con leucoencefalopatía por tolueno
Ramirez-Bermudez, Jesús; Perez-Esparza, Rodrigo; Flores, Jose; Leon-Ortiz, Pablo; Corona, Teresa; Restrepo-Martínez, Miguel.
  • Ramirez-Bermudez, Jesús; National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. Department of Neuropsychiatry. MX
  • Perez-Esparza, Rodrigo; National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. Department of Neuropsychiatry. MX
  • Flores, Jose; National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. Department of Neurology. MX
  • Leon-Ortiz, Pablo; National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. Department of Neuropsychiatry. MX
  • Corona, Teresa; National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. Department of Neurology. MX
  • Restrepo-Martínez, Miguel; National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. Department of Neuropsychiatry. MX
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 51(2): 163-166, abr.-jun. 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394987
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT

Objective:

Inhalant users may develop toluene leukoencephalopathy, a devastating neuropsychiatric disorder. We present a case of toluene-induced damage to the corticospinal and the corticonuclear tracts, which presented with involuntary emotional expression dis-order.

Methods:

Case study of a 20-year-old man with a 3-year history of frequent solvent abuse was admitted to the Neuropsychiatry Unit of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery because "he could not speak or walk" but would keep "laughing and crying without reason".

Results:

Neuropsychiatric examination revealed pathological laughter and crying, facial and speech apraxia, a bilateral pyramidal syndrome, and lack of control of urinary sphincter. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a highly selective bilateral damage to the pyramidal system and the somatosensory pathway. SPECT imaging showed left fronto-parietal hypoperfusion.

Conclusions:

This document provides support for the understanding of involuntary emotional expression disorders as a differential diagnosis in the clinical practice of psychiatrists, as well as the functional anatomy of these conditions.
RESUMEN
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Los usuarios de inhalantes pueden contraer leucoencefalopatía por tolueno, un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico devastador. Se presenta un caso de daño inducido por tolueno en el tracto corticoespinal y corticonuclear, que se manifestó con un trastorno involuntario de la expresión emocional.

Métodos:

Un varón de 20 años con antecedente de 3 años de abuso de solventes ingresó en la Unidad de Neuropsiquiatría del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía porque «no podía hablar ni caminar¼ y presentaba episodios súbitos de risa y llanto sin razón aparente.

Resultados:

La valoración neuropsiquiátrica reveló risa y llanto patológicos, apraxia facial y fonatoria, síndrome piramidal bilateral y ausencia de control del esfínter urinario. La resonancia magnética cerebral mostró un daño bilateral muy selectivo del sistema piramidal y la vía somatosensorial. La imagen de tomografía computarizada por emisión monofotónica mostró hipoperfusión frontoparietal izquierda.

Conclusiones:

Este documento proporciona apoyo para la comprensión de los trastornos de la expresión emocional involuntaria como diagnóstico diferencial en la práctica clínica de los psiquiatras, así como de la anatomía funcional de estas condiciones.


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Language: English Journal: Rev. colomb. psiquiatr Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery/MX

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Language: English Journal: Rev. colomb. psiquiatr Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery/MX