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Predictores de fracaso con cánula nasal de alto flujo de oxígeno en pacientes COVID-19 / Predictors of failure with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen in COVID-19 patients
Zúñiga Montenegro, Jubel David; González Ramos, Daniela; Catillo, John James; León Giraldo, Hoover; Arboleda, Harold.
  • Zúñiga Montenegro, Jubel David; Clínica de Alta Complejidad Santa Bárbara. Palmira. CO
  • González Ramos, Daniela; Clínica de Alta Complejidad Santa Bárbara. Palmira. CO
  • Catillo, John James; Clínica de Alta Complejidad Santa Bárbara. Palmira. CO
  • León Giraldo, Hoover; GESENCRO SAS. Palmira. CO
  • Arboleda, Harold; Clínica de Alta Complejidad Santa Bárbara. Palmira. CO
Rev. colomb. neumol ; 34(1): 11-19, 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1395753
RESUMEN

Introducción:

El COVID-19 ha generado retos por la alta demanda de servicios, haciendo necesario buscar alternativas de soporte ventilatorio que permitan responder a las necesidades de la población. Es importante disponer de herramientas que permitan detectar precozmente el fracaso de estrategias ventilatorias no invasivas e identificar tempranamente la necesidad de intubación.

Objetivo:

identificar las variables asociadas a fracaso en el tratamiento con cánula de alto flujo (CNAF) en pacientes con COVID-19. Materiales y

Métodos:

estudio observacional analítico, corte transversal con 68 pacientes de la unidad de cuidados intensivos con COVID-19, que recibieron tratamiento con CNAF. Las variables de estudio se evaluaron en tres momentos, a las 24, 48 y 72 horas, llevando a cabo un análisis bivariado y multivariado entre los que fracasaron y los que tuvieron éxito.

Resultados:

en el análisis bivariado las variables que presentaron una relación estadísticamente significativa a las 24h fueron el no presentar un aumento del trabajo respiratorio (Wresp) (p=0.000) y saturación de oxígeno (SatO2) normal (p=0.006). A las 48h no aumento en Wresp (p=0.014), SatO2 normal (p=0.005), presión arterial de oxígeno/fracción inspirada de oxígeno (PAFI) leve o moderado (p=0.039). A las 72h fracasaron PAFI severa (p=0.000), aumento de Wresp (p=0.001) y el índice de ROX menor a 4.88 (p=0.023). De acuerdo con el análisis multivariado las variables predictoras de fracaso a las 24h fueron FIO2, SatO2, Wresp y a las 48h FIO2 y SatO2.

Conclusiones:

el aumento de FIO2>70 %, presentar incremento del Wresp y SpO2 menor de 88 % son variables asociadas a fracaso de la CNAF y facilitan tomar decisiones clínicas sobre avanzar o no hacia un soporte ventilatorio invasivo.
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

COVID-19 has generated challenges due to the high demand for health care services, making it necessary to seek ventilatory support alternatives that allow us to fulfill the needs of the population. It is important to have tools that allow to detect the failure of non-invasive ventilatory strategies early and to identify the need for intubation on time.

Objective:

Identify the variables associated with failure of high-flow nasal cannula treatment (HFNC) on COVID-19 patients. Materials and

Methods:

Analytical observational, cross-sectional study of 68 patients in the intensive care unit with COVID-19, who received treatment with HFNC. The variables of the study were evaluated at three time points, at 24, 48 and 72 hours. A bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed between those who failed and those who were successful.

Results:

In the bivariate analysis, the variables that presented a statistically significant relationship at 24h were No increase in work of breathing (WOB) (p=0.000), normal oxygen saturation (SatO2) (p=0.006). At 48h No increase in WOB (p=0.014), normal SatO2 (p=0.005), mild to moderate partial pressure arterial oxygen/fraction inspired oxygen ratio (P/F ratio) (p=0.039). At 72h failed severe P/F ratio (p=0.000), Increased WOB (p=0.001) and ROX index less than 4.88 (p=0.023). According to multivariate analysis the predictive variables for the therapeutic failure at 24h were FIO2, SatO2, WOB; at 48h FIO2 and SatO2.

Conclusions:

Increased FIO2>70%, increased WOB and SpO2 less than 88% are variables associated with failure of HFNC, and facilitate clinical decisions on whether or not to progress with invasive ventilatory support.

Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Work of Breathing / Cannula Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. colomb. neumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica de Alta Complejidad Santa Bárbara/CO / GESENCRO SAS/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Work of Breathing / Cannula Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. colomb. neumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica de Alta Complejidad Santa Bárbara/CO / GESENCRO SAS/CO