Twenty years of prevention of mother to child HIV transmission: research to implementation at a national referral hospital in Uganda
Afr. health sci. (Online)
;
22(2 Special Issue: Makerere@100): 22-33, 2022. figures
Article
in English
| AIM
| ID: biblio-1401010
ABSTRACT
Background:
Over 90% of new paediatric HIV infections are acquired through mother to child transmission. Prevention of mother to child HIV transmission (PMTCT) research in sub-Saharan Africa informed WHO guidelines which enabled implementation of PMTCT programs globally.Objectives:
To describe Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University (MU-JHU) perinatal HIV prevention research and implementation of the Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) PMTCT program.Methods:
Perinatal HIV prevention studies conducted at MU-JHU between 19972016 were summarized. Program aggregated data was extracted and analyzed using STATA 15.Results:
In 1999, the HIVNET 012 study demonstrated that single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) to the mother at onset of labor and to her newborn, reduced MTCT by nearly 50%. In 2016, the PROMISE study documented the safety and efficacy of ART during pregnancy and breastfeeding period. Program implementation at MNRH started in 2000. Uptake of HIV testing increased from 70% to 99% from 2006 onwards. sd NVP was the initial ARV regimen but by 2012, MOH recommended Option B+(triple therapy). MTCT rates reduced from 16.9% in 2001 to 2.3% in 2020.Conclusion:
Perinatal HIV prevention clinical trials conducted at MU-JHU provided evidence to inform WHO PMTCT guidelines. MNRH program evaluation demonstrated the significant decline in MTCT rates over the last two decades.
Full text:
Available
Index:
AIM (Africa)
Main subject:
Breast Feeding
/
HIV Infections
/
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
/
Pregnant Women
/
HIV Testing
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Practice guideline
/
Observational study
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Infant, Newborn
/
Pregnancy
Language:
English
Journal:
Afr. health sci. (Online)
Year:
2022
Type:
Article
Institution/Affiliation country:
Makerere University Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere College of Health Sciences/UG
/
Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration/UG
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