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Differential diagnosis between biliary and nonbiliary acute pancreatitis: what is the importance of laboratory tests? / Diagnóstico diferencial entre pancreatite aguda biliar e não biliar: qual a importância dos testes laboratoriais?
Azevedo, Barbra Rafaela de Melo Santos; Fagundes, Djalma José.
  • Azevedo, Barbra Rafaela de Melo Santos; Municipal Hospital Dr. José de Carvalho Florence. São José dos Campos. General Surgery. São Paulo. BR
  • Fagundes, Djalma José; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery. São Paulo. BR
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 35: e1694, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1402862
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The differential diagnosis of the causal factors of acute pancreatitis is fundamental for its clinical follow-up, becoming relevant to establishing laboratory criteria that elucidate the difference between biliary and nonbiliary causes. AIM: The aim of this study was to establish criteria based on laboratory tests for the differential diagnosis between acute pancreatitis of biliary and nonbiliary causes and to identify laboratory tests with sufficient sensitivity to propose the creation of an algorithm for differential diagnosis between the causes. METHODS: The research consisted of observational analysis, with a cross-sectional design of laboratory tests of two groups of patients with acute pancreatitis: group A: nonbiliary cause and group B: biliary cause. Hematocrit, white blood cell count, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, lipase, amylase, total bilirubin, oxalacetic transaminase, pyruvic transaminase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were investigated. Data were submitted to nonparametric tests and receiver operating characteristics. RESULTS: Hematocrit values, number of leukocytes, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose showed no significant difference between the groups (p>0.1). Lipase, amylase, total bilirubin, oxalacetic transaminase, pyruvic transaminase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alkaline phosphatase values showed a significant difference between groups (p<0.05). The oxalacetic transaminase, pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase tests were most sensitive in determining the biliary cause, allowing the establishment of a cutoff point by the receiver operating characteristic test: pyruvic transaminase: 123.0 U/L (sensitivity: 69.2%; specificity: 81.5%), oxalacetic transaminase: 123.5 U/L (sensitivity: 57.3%; specificity: 78.8%), and alkaline phosphatase: 126.5 U/L (sensitivity: 66.1%; specificity: 69.4%), from which the probability of a correct answer increases. CONCLUSION: It was possible to establish criteria based on laboratory tests for the differential diagnosis between acute pancreatitis of biliary and nonbiliary origin; however, the tests did not show enough sensitivity to propose the creation of an algorithm for differential diagnosis between the same causes.
RESUMO
RESUMO RACIONAL: O diagnóstico diferencial dos fatores causais da pancreatite aguda é fundamental para seu seguimento clínico, tornando-se relevante estabelecer critérios laboratoriais que elucidem a diferença entre as causas biliares e não biliares. OBJETIVOS: Estabelecer critérios baseados em testes laboratoriais para o diagnóstico diferencial entre pancreatite aguda de causa biliar e não biliar e identificar testes laboratoriais com sensibilidade suficiente para propor a criação de um algoritmo de diagnóstico diferencial entre as causas. MÉTODO: Análise observacional, com delineamento transversal, de exames laboratoriais de dois grupos de pacientes com pancreatite aguda: A — causa não biliar; e B — causa biliar. Foram investigados: hematócrito, número de leucócitos, lactato desidrogenase, glicose, lipase, amilase, bilirrubina total, transaminase oxalacética, transaminase pirúvica, gamaglutamiltransferase e fosfatase alcalina. Os dados foram submetidos a testes não paramétricos e ao receiver operating characteristic. RESULTADOS: Os valores de hematócrito, número de leucócitos, lactato desidrogenase e glicose não apresentaram diferença significante entre os grupos (p>0.1). Os valores de lipase, amilase, bilirrubina total, transaminase oxalacética, transaminase pirúvica, gamaglutamiltransferase e fosfatase alcalina apresentaram diferença significante entre os grupos (p<0.05), sendo que os testes de transaminase oxalacética, transaminase pirúvica e fosfatase alcalina mostraram-se os mais sensíveis na determinação da causa biliar, possibilitando o estabelecimento de um ponto de corte pelo teste receiver operating characteristic, a partir do qual a probabilidade de acerto aumenta: transaminase pirúvica: 123,0 U/L (sensibilidade: 69,2%; especificidade: 81,5%), transaminase oxalacética: 123,5 U/L (sensibilidade: 57,3%; especificidade: 78,8%) e fosfatase alcalina: 126,5 U/L (sensibilidade: 66,1%; especificidade: 69,4%). CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível estabelecer critérios baseados em testes laboratoriais para o diagnóstico diferencial entre pancreatite aguda de origem biliar e não biliar, porém, os testes não mostraram sensibilidade suficiente para propor a criação de um algoritmo de diagnóstico diferencial entre as mesmas causas.


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: ABCD (São Paulo, Online) Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Municipal Hospital Dr. José de Carvalho Florence/BR / Universidade Federal de São Paulo/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: ABCD (São Paulo, Online) Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Municipal Hospital Dr. José de Carvalho Florence/BR / Universidade Federal de São Paulo/BR