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Multivessel coronary thrombosis and acute myocardial infarction associated to two genetic mutations for thrombophilia / Trombosis coronaria de múltiples vasos e infarto agudo de miocardio asociado a dos mutaciones genéticas para trombofilia
Chávez, Christian O.; Centurión, Osmar A.; Scavenius, Karina E.; García, Laura B..
  • Chávez, Christian O.; Asunción National University (UNA). Hospital de Clínicas. Department of Cardiology. San Lorenzo. PY
  • Centurión, Osmar A.; Asunción National University (UNA). Hospital de Clínicas. Department of Cardiology. San Lorenzo. PY
  • Scavenius, Karina E.; Asunción National University (UNA). Hospital de Clínicas. Department of Cardiology. San Lorenzo. PY
  • García, Laura B.; Asunción National University (UNA). Hospital de Clínicas. Department of Cardiology. San Lorenzo. PY
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 29(3): 359-363, mayo-jun. 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407989
ABSTRACT
Abstract Several studies suggest that gene mutations from thrombophilia may constitute a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease, especially in young patients with normal coronaries and non-significant lesions. It is presented a case of a 42-year-old male patient who arrived at the emergency room due to an acute myocardial infarction. The electrocardiogram showed an ST elevation with upward convexity of 4 mm from V1 to V4 and of 1 mm at V5 and V6. Cardiac enzymes were positive (troponin I 8.4 ng/dl, normal range < 1 ng/dl). It was found septum and apical hypokinesia, with an ejection fraction of 44%. The culprit lesion of the infarction was treated with primary angioplasty, successfully dilating the left anterior descending coronary artery. However, spontaneous thrombi appeared at the middle third of the circumflex artery, an area without occlusive lesions previously. A full laboratory assessment for prothrombotic state diseases revealed positivity for gene mutations at A1298C from the methylene tetrahydropholate reductase (MTHFR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Gene mutations at A1298C from the MTHFR and PAI-1 should be considered in young patients with acute coronary syndrome, mainly when thrombi are found in non-culprit arteries with no or non-significant coronary lesions.
RESUMEN
Resumen Las mutaciones genéticas de la trombofilia pueden constituir un factor de riesgo significativo para la enfermedad de la arteria coronaria, especialmente en pacientes jóvenes con arterias coronarias normales y lesiones no significativas. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 42 años con infarto agudo de miocardio. El electrocardiograma demostró una elevación del ST con convexidad ascendente de 4 mm de V1 a V4 y de 1 mm en V5 y V6. Las enzimas cardíacas fueron positivas (troponina I 8.4 ng/dl, rango normal < 1 ng/dl). Se observó hipocinesia septal y apical con fracción de eyección de 44%. La lesión causante del infarto fue tratada con angioplastia primaria, dilatando con éxito la arteria coronaria descendente anterior. Sin embargo, aparecieron trombos espontáneos en el tercio medio de la arteria circunfleja, que previamente no presentaba lesiones ateroscleróticas oclusivas. Al evaluar enfermedades protrombóticas se reveló positividad para mutaciones del gen A1298C de la metileno tetrahidrofolato reductasa (MTHFR) y del inhibidor del activador del plasminógeno (PAI-1) del genotipo heterocigoto 675G. Las mutaciones en A1298C del gen MTHFR y del PAI-1 deben considerarse en jóvenes con síndrome coronario agudo, principalmente cuando se encuentran trombos en arterias no culpables sin lesiones coronarias significativas.


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Risk factors Language: English Journal: Rev. colomb. cardiol Journal subject: Cardiology Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Paraguay Institution/Affiliation country: Asunción National University (UNA)/PY

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Risk factors Language: English Journal: Rev. colomb. cardiol Journal subject: Cardiology Year: 2022 Type: Article Affiliation country: Paraguay Institution/Affiliation country: Asunción National University (UNA)/PY