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Barreras para las actividades de investigación en los programas de residencia: estudio de métodos mixtos / Barriers for research activities in residency programs: A mix-methods study
Merino, Tomas; Rojas, Viviana; Fuentes-López, Eduardo; Sánchez, Cesar; Pizarro, Margarita; Fuentes-Cimma, Javiera; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cuello, Mauricio; Carvajal, Jorge; Balcells, Maria Elvira.
  • Merino, Tomas; Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Rojas, Viviana; Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Fuentes-López, Eduardo; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Sánchez, Cesar; Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Pizarro, Margarita; Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago.
  • Fuentes-Cimma, Javiera; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Cifuentes, Lorena; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Cuello, Mauricio; Department of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Carvajal, Jorge; Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
  • Balcells, Maria Elvira; Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Santiago. CL
Medwave ; 23(1): e2627, 28-02-2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1419085
RESUMEN
Introducción Las actividades de investigación tienen un impacto positivo en el rendimiento de los médicos residentes. Falta información sobre investigaciones desarrolladas por residentes de países en vías de desarrollo. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar las barreras y facilitadores para la investigación en programas de residencia en una Facultad de Medicina de América Latina. Métodos Se llevó a cabo un diseño de estudio de metodología mixta. Utilizamos un enfoque de teoría fundamentada para la fase cualitativa, recopilando los datos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales con profesores y residentes. Para la fase cuantitativa, se administraron encuestas a residentes y profesores. Para evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de las encuestas utilizamos análisis factorial y scree plot (validez); alfa de Cronbach y coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (confiabilidad). Resultados Se realizaron grupos focales que incluyeron diez profesores y quince residentes, y se identificaron los siguientes dominios a) facilitadores para la participación de los residentes, b) barreras, c) estrategias para introducir la investigación en el currículo, d) argumentos que respaldan las actividades de investigación durante la residencia, y e) perfil de los residentes motivados en la investigación. Tanto los residentes como el profesorado identificaron la falta de tiempo protegido y la ausencia de tutoría adecuada como las principales barreras. Se encontró una brecha de género relacionada con las publicaciones internacionales (34% vs 66% mujeres/hombres), las mujeres percibieron que las actividades de investigación 'compiten con otras actividades' (OR 2.04, IC 95% 1.03 a 4.07). Conclusiones Los residentes y profesores de una universidad latinoamericana de alta productividad valoran mucho la investigación. La presencia de brecha de género, la falta de tiempo protegido y de tutorías destacan como las principales barreras. Las estrategias propuestas para mejorar la investigación dentro de los programas de residencia son establecer un programa de tutoría interdisciplinario entre residentes e investigadores; promover las rotaciones electivas; y premiar propuestas que consideren la equidad de género.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Research activities have a positive impact on the performance of residents. However, information on research conducted by residents from developing countries is scarce. Our study sought to identify the barriers and facilitators for developing research in medical residency programs in a Latin-American faculty of medicine. Methods A mixed methodology study design was carried out. We used a grounded theory approach for the qualitative phase, collecting data through semi-structured interviews and focus groups with faculty and residents. For the quantitative phase, surveys were administered to residents and teachers. We used factor analysis and scree plot (validity), Cronbach's alpha, and Intraclass correlation coefficient (reliability) to evaluate the surveys' psychometric properties. Results Focus groups involving ten faculty members and 15 residents were conducted, and the following domains were identified a) facilitators for resident participation, b) barriers, c) strategies for introducing research into the curriculum, d) arguments supporting research activities throughout medical residency, and e) profile of research-motivated residents. Both residents and faculty members identified a lack of protected time and adequate mentoring as the major barriers. A gender gap was found related to international publications (34% vs. 66% women/men); women perceived that research activities 'compete with other activities' (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.07). Conclusions Research is highly valued by both residents and faculty members at a Latin-American university with a strong academic output. Major barriers to promoting research in this context include lack of protected time and effective mentoring, and gender gaps. Strategies proposed to improve research within medical residency programs include establishing an interdisciplinary mentoring program between residents and researchers, promoting elective rotations, and rewarding proposals that consider gender equity.



Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Prognostic study / Qualitative research Language: English Journal: Medwave Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2023 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Prognostic study / Qualitative research Language: English Journal: Medwave Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2023 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL / Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile/CL