Atitudes e Autoeficácia dos Professores de Educação Física em Relação à Inclusão: Estudo Centrado na Região de Lisboa - Portugal / Attitudes and Self-Efficacy of Physical Education Teachers Towards The Inclusion: Study Focused on the Lisbon Region - Portugal

RESUMO

RESUMO: Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a atitude e a autoeficácia de professores de Educação física (EF) portugueses, determinar a relação entre as atitudes e a autoeficácia dos professores de EF em relação à inclusão de alunos com deficiência e avaliar o efeito das variáveis independentes (género, tempo de serviço docente, formação complementar em EF Inclusiva e docência ao aluno com deficiência nas aulas de EF e no Desporto Escolar) sobre as dimensões das atitudes e nas dimensões da autoeficácia. Participaram do estudo 115 professores de EF portugueses. Para analisar as atitudes, foram utilizadas a versão portuguesa do Multidimentional Attitudes toward Inclusive Education e a versão portuguesa do Self-Efficacy Scale for Physical Education Teacher Education Majors towards Children with Disabilities. Os resultados indicaram que, de uma forma geral, os professores de EF revelam atitudes mais positivas na dimensão comportamental e são mais confantes para ensinar alunos com deficiência intelectual. Identificaram-se relações positivas entre as diferentes dimensões das atitudes e da autoeficácia. Na análise comparativa das atitudes e da autoeficácia, observaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas dimensões cognitiva e de deficiência intelectual na variável "formação complementar em EF Inclusiva" e nas dimensões deficiência intelectual e visual na variável "Docência a alunos com deficiência". De um modo geral, os participantes reportaram atitudes positivas e são confantes em relação à inclusão de alunos com deficiência. A investigação futura deverá comparar as atitudes e a autoeficácia antes e após um programa prático de intervenção ao nível da EF inclusiva.

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to analyze the attitude and self-efficacy of Portuguese Physical Education (PE) teachers, to determine the relationship between PE teachers' attitudes and self-efficacy regarding the inclusion of students with disabilities, and to evaluate the effect of independent variables (gender, length of teaching service, additional training in Inclusive PE and teaching students with disabilities in PE classes and School Sports) on the dimensions of attitudes and in the dimensions of self-efficacy. One hundred and fifteen Portuguese PE teachers participated in the study. To analyze the attitudes, the Portuguese version of the Multidimensional Attitudes to Inclusive Education was used, and the Portuguese version of the Self-Efficacy Scale for Physical Education Teacher Education Majors towards Children with Disabilities was used. The results indicated that, in general, PE teachers show more positive attitudes in the behavioral dimension and are more confident in teaching students with intellectual disabilities. Positive relationships were identified between the different dimensions of attitudes and self-efficacy. In the comparative analysis of attitudes and self-efficacy, statistically, differences were observed in the cognitive and intellectual disability dimensions in the variable "additional training in inclusive PE" and the intellectual and visual disability dimensions in the variable "Teaching students with disabilities". Overall, participants reported positive attitudes and are confident about the inclusion of students with disabilities in PE classes. Future research should compare attitudes and self-efficacy before and after a practical intervention program at the level of inclusive PE.