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Mortalidad y factores asociados en pacientes cubanos infectados con VIH-1
Sariol-Resik, Pablo Carlos; Prieto-Domínguez, Tatiana; Blanco-Aspiazu, Miguel Ángel; Resik-Aguirre, Sonia; Baldoquin-Rodríguez, Waldemar.
  • Sariol-Resik, Pablo Carlos; s.af
  • Prieto-Domínguez, Tatiana; s.af
  • Blanco-Aspiazu, Miguel Ángel; s.af
  • Resik-Aguirre, Sonia; s.af
  • Baldoquin-Rodríguez, Waldemar; s.af
Acta méd. costarric ; 64(4)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447065
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Determinar las principales causas de muerte y los factores asociados en los pacientes infectados con el VIH ingresados en el hospital del Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí" durante los años 2017-2018.

Métodos:

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles para determinar las causas de la muerte y algunos factores asociados a ella, en el hospital del Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí", en el período 2017-2018. Para determinar estos factores se utilizó un análisis multivariado basado en un modelo de regresión logística binaria.

Resultados:

Las causas de muerte más frecuentes fueron las asociadas al SIDA, fundamentalmente las infecciones oportunistas del sistema respiratorio (41,4%), seguidas por las neoplasias no asociadas al SIDA (25,1%). Los factores que mayor influencia tuvieron sobre la mortalidad fueron la presencia de enfermedad oportunista (OR 14,07 p<0,001) y de neoplasias no asociadas al SIDA (OR 6,76 p=0,005), la alteración de las funciones renal (3,54 p=0,019) y hepática (OR 2,90 p=0,054) y tener mayor carga viral (OR 1,50 p=0,001) y menos tiempo de diagnóstico al momento del ingreso (OR 0,793 p<0,001). El modelo matemático resultante del análisis permitió identificar los principales factores asociados a la mortalidad y explicar su relación con la misma.

Conclusiones:

Las enfermedades asociadas al SIDA, principalmente las infecciones oportunistas del sistema respiratorio, seguidas por las neoplasias no asociadas al SIDA fueron las causas predominantes de muerte en los pacientes infectados con el VIH que fallecieron en el Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí" durante el período de estudio. La presencia de neoplasias no asociadas al SIDA, de enfermedades oportunistas, de alteraciones de las funciones renal y hepática, el aumento de la carga viral y el tener menos años de diagnóstico al momento del ingreso, fueron los factores que más contribuyeron a la mortalidad en los pacientes ingresados e infectados con el VIH. El modelo matemático resultante se ajustó bien a los datos y explicó de manera consistente los factores asociados a la mortalidad.
ABSTRACT

Aim:

To determine the main causes of death and associated factors in HIV-infected patients admitted to the Tropical Medicine Institute "Pedro Kourí" hospital during the years 2017-2018.

Methods:

A retrospective case-control study was carried out to determine the causes of death and some factors associated with it, in the Tropical Medicine Institute "Pedro Kourí" hospital, in the period 2017-2018. To determine these factors, a multivariate analysis based on a binary logistic regression model was used.

Results:

The most frequent causes of death were those associated with AIDS, mainly opportunistic infections of the respiratory system (41.4%), followed by neoplasms not associated with AIDS (25.1%). The factors that had the greatest influence on mortality were the presence of opportunistic disease (OR 14.07 p <0.001) and neoplasms not associated with AIDS (OR 6.76 p = 0.005), alteration of renal functions (3, 54 p = 0.019) and liver (OR 2.90 p = 0.054) and have a higher viral load (OR 1.50 p = 0.001) and less time to diagnosis at admission (OR 0.793 p <0.001). The mathematical model resulting from the analysis made it possible to identify the main factors associated with mortality and explain their relationship with it.

Conclusions:

AIDS-associated diseases, mainly opportunistic infections of the respiratory system, followed by non-AIDS-associated neoplasms were the predominant causes of death in HIV-infected patients who died in the Tropical Medicine Institute "Pedro Kourí" during the study period. The presence of neoplasms not associated with AIDS, opportunistic diseases, alterations in kidney and liver functions, increased viral load and having fewer years of diagnosis at the time of admission, were the factors that most contributed to mortality in patients admitted and infected with HIV. The resulting mathematical model fitted the data well and consistently explained the factors associated with mortality.

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: Cuba Language: Spanish Journal: Acta méd. costarric Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: Cuba Language: Spanish Journal: Acta méd. costarric Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Type: Article