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Violencia doméstica durante el embarazo en un hospital especializado del Perú: prevalencia y factores asociados / Domestic violence during pregnancy in a specialized hospital in Peru: prevalence and associated factors
Barzola Macha, Marilyn Katherine; Moquillaza Alcántara, Victor Hugo; Diaz Tinoco, Clara Margarita.
  • Barzola Macha, Marilyn Katherine; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Escuela Profesional de Obstetricia. Lima. PE
  • Moquillaza Alcántara, Victor Hugo; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración. Lima. PE
  • Diaz Tinoco, Clara Margarita; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Escuela Profesional de Obstetricia. Lima. PE
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(6): 641-653, dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508020
RESUMEN

INTRODUCCIÓN:

La violencia doméstica durante el embarazo se asocia a diversas complicaciones maternas, aborto o muerte fetal. Sin embargo, en Latinoamérica, su caracterización y factores predisponentes no ha sido muy abordado.

OBJETIVO:

Determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados de la violencia doméstica durante el embarazo en un hospital especializado peruano. Material y

métodos:

Estudio analítico transversal donde participaron 180 puérperas sin complicaciones atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal. Las prevalencias fueron estimadas por intervalos y las asociaciones mediante la prueba de regresión de Poisson.

RESULTADOS:

La prevalencia de violencia durante el embarazo fue del 29,44% [IC95%22,72-36,17%]; la de tipo psicológica alcanzó el 27,78% [IC95%21,17-34,38%], la física de 8,33% [IC95%4,26-12,41%] y la sexual de 3,33% [IC95%0,69-5,98%]. El principal agresor es su actual pareja, quien violenta durante todo el embarazo y de frecuencia eventual, con excepción de la violencia sexual que se presentó semanalmente (83,33%). Los factores que predisponen la aparición de violencia durante el embarazo fueron el presentar sentimiento de tristeza (p=0,042; RPa1,60) o fracaso en su desarrollo personal (p=0,004; RPa1,98), ser acusada de infidelidad (p=0,044; RPa1,74), no recibir el afecto esperado (p=0,028, RPa1,62) y considerar que nadie debe involucrarse ni enterarse de sus problemas (p<0,001; RPa2,40).

CONCLUSIONES:

Cerca de la tercera parte de las gestantes sufren de algún tipo de violencia, siendo la más prevalente la de tipo psicológica y realizada frecuentemente por su pareja. Se han identificado factores que propician su aparición.
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Domestic violence during pregnancy is associated with various maternal complications, abortion or stillbirth. However, in Latin America, its characterization and predisposing factors have not been widely addressed.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the prevalence and associated factors of domestic violence during pregnancy in a Peruvian specialized hospital. MATERIAL AND

METHODS:

Cross-sectional analytical study involving 180 puerperal women without complications attended at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal. Prevalence were estimated by intervals and associations using the Poisson regression test.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of violence during pregnancy was 29.44% [95%CI 22.72-36.17%]; the psychological type reached 27.78% [95%CI 21.17-34.38%], the physical 8.33% [95%CI 4.26-12.41%] and the sexual 3.33% [95%CI 0.69-5.98%]. The main aggressor is his current partner, who violently throughout the pregnancy and eventual frequency, except for sexual violence that occurred weekly (83.33%). The factors that predispose the appearance of violence during pregnancy were the feeling of sadness (p=0.042; aRP1.60) or failure in personal development (p=0.004; RP1.98), being accused of infidelity (p=0.044; aPR1.74), not receiving the expected affection (p=0.028, aPR1.62) and considering that no one should be involved or aware of their problems (p<0.001; aPR2.40).

CONCLUSIONS:

About a third of pregnant women suffer from some type of violence, the most prevalent being psychological and frequently carried out by their partner. Factors that promote its appearance have been identified.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Domestic Violence Type of study: Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: South America / Peru Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) Journal subject: Ginecologia / Obstetr¡cia Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Peru Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos/PE / Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia/PE

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Domestic Violence Type of study: Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: South America / Peru Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) Journal subject: Ginecologia / Obstetr¡cia Year: 2020 Type: Article Affiliation country: Peru Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos/PE / Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia/PE