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Aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos en 36 niños cubanos con COVID-19
Díaz Colina, José Antonio; Interian Morales, María Teresa; López Hernández, Isabel Cristina; Yanes Morales, Cecilia Dominga; Peregrín Baquero, Daliuska.
  • Díaz Colina, José Antonio; s.af
  • Interian Morales, María Teresa; s.af
  • López Hernández, Isabel Cristina; s.af
  • Yanes Morales, Cecilia Dominga; s.af
  • Peregrín Baquero, Daliuska; s.af
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508367
RESUMEN

Introducción:

La COVID-19 es una enfermedad infecciosa de alta transmisibilidad.

Objetivo:

Caracterizar la casuística pediátrica que posibilite disponer de conocimientos para el enfrentamiento a la pandemia en Cuba.

Métodos:

Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal en pacientes con COVID-19, ingresados en el Hospital Pediátrico San Miguel del Padrón abril-junio de 2020. Se analizó edad, sexo, estado nutricional, enfermedad previa, área de residencia, sintomatología al ingreso, resultados de complementarios, y condición al egreso.

Resultados:

Se identificaron 36 niños con COVID-19. La proporción según sexo no mostró diferencias. Hubo predominio del grupo de edad entre 10-14 años, piel mestiza y presentación asintomática en 72,2 %. Las comorbilidades más observadas fueron el asma bronquial leve y la anemia ligera. Prevalecieron los residentes del Este de la capital, sobre todo, en la semana estadística 21 y 25. En el grupo de enfermos sintomáticos predominaron las manifestaciones respiratorias y la fiebre. Los complementarios revelaron linfocitosis (63,9 %), anemia (13,9 %) e infiltrados pulmonares (8,3 %). El 100 % de los pacientes tuvo evolución favorable y PCR negativo tras concluir tratamiento.

Conclusiones:

La COVID-19 tuvo mayor incidencia en niños de 10 años o más. No hubo variaciones en cuanto al sexo. Predominó el color de piel mestizo. Los pacientes tuvieron espectro clínico variable, y evolución de PCR condicionada por la presencia de factores de riesgo individual y social. La recuperación clínica y la regresión de alteraciones hematológicas y radiológicas se logró en todos los pacientes entre 2-3 semanas.
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

COVID-19 is an infectious disease with high transmissibility.

Objective:

To characterize the pediatrics casuistry that allows having the relevant knowledge to fight COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba.

Methods:

Descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study in patients with COVID-19 admitted in San Miguel del Padrón municipality's Pediatric Hospital from April to June, 2020. There were analyzed as variables age, sex, nutritional state, previous diseases, living area, sintomatology in the moment of admission, results of complementary tests, and state in the moment of discharge.

Results:

36 children were identified with COVID-19. Proportion according to sex had no differences. There was a predominance of the group age among 10 to 14 years, mixed race patients and the asymptomatic forms in 72,2% of them. The most frequent comorbidities were slight bronchial asthma and slight anemia. There was predominance of patients living in the Eastern area of the capital, mainly in the statistic weeks #21 and #25. In the group of symptomatic patients prevailed the respiratory manifestations and the fever. The complementary tests showed lymphocytes (63,9%), anemia (13,9) and pulmonary infiltrates (8,3%). 100% of the patients had favorable evolution and negative PCR after finishing the treatment.

Conclusions:

COVID-19 had a higher incidence in 10 or more year's children. There were not variations regarding sex. Mixed race patients predominated. Patients had a variable clinical spectrum, and an evolution of the PCR conditioned by the presence of individual and social risk factors. Clinical recovery and regression of hematologic and radiologic alterations was achieved in all the patients among 2 to 3 weeks.

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: Cuba Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2020 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Country/Region as subject: Cuba Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2020 Type: Article