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Mental health, suicide risk and the important role of self-esteem in Adolescents before and during coexistence with COVID-19 in Ecuador
Lacomba-Trejo, Laura; Valero-Moreno, Selene; Coello, María Fernanda; Montoya-Castilla, Inmaculada; Pérez-Marín, Marián.
  • Lacomba-Trejo, Laura; s.af
  • Valero-Moreno, Selene; s.af
  • Coello, María Fernanda; s.af
  • Montoya-Castilla, Inmaculada; s.af
  • Pérez-Marín, Marián; s.af
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536584
ABSTRACT
Introduction/

Objectives:

COVID-19 has had a significant emotional impact on people's lives, especially adolescents. Therefore, the aim was to assess the predictors of suicide risk during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in Ecuador by means of a longitudinal study.

Method:

The application of a longitudinal design with two

measures:

before the start of the pandemic and one year afterwards. The sample consisted of 137 adolescents between 12-18 years of age. The variables analysed were mental health, the risk of suicide and self-esteem. Statistical analyses were performed using mean comparison, correlations, QCA models and mediation models.

Results:

The results indicated higher levels of anxiety and stress after one year of the pandemic. In addition, a higher risk of suicide following the pandemic was observed in those adolescents with higher scores in emotional symptomatology and low self-esteem. QCA models and mediation models highlighted the importance of self-esteem as a protective variable between pre-COVID-19 suicide risk and emotional symptomatology and post-COVID-19 suicide risk.

Conclusions:

This study highlights adolescents' level of vulnerability to the pandemic and its significant psychological impact. It is important to detect which factors function as risks and which as protection against COVID-19 in order to implement intervention programmes that target these aspects and ensure better adolescent well-being.
RESUMEN
Introducción/

Objetivos:

La COVID-19 tuvo un impacto emocional en la vida de las personas, especialmente en la adolescencia. El objetivo fue evaluar los predictores de riesgo de suicidio en adolescentes en Ecuador por medio de un estudio longitudinal.

Método:

Se trata de un diseño longitudinal con dos medidas antes del inicio de la pandemia y un año después. La muestra fue de 137 adolescentes entre 12 y 18 años. Las variables analizadas fueron la salud mental, el riesgo de suicidio y la autoestima. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron mediante comparación de medias, correlaciones, modelos QCA y modelos de mediación.

Resultados:

Los resultados indicaron mayores niveles de ansiedad y estrés después de un año de la pandemia. Se observó un mayor riesgo de suicidio tras la pandemia en aquellos adolescentes con puntuaciones más altas en sintomatología emocional y baja autoestima. Los modelos QCA y los modelos de mediación destacaron la importancia de la autoestima como variable protectora en el riesgo postsuicidio.

Conclusiones:

Este estudio pone de manifiesto el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los adolescentes ante la pandemia y su importante impacto psicológico. Es importante detectar qué factores funcionan como riesgos y cuáles como protección frente al COVID-19 para implementar programas de intervención.

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Country/Region as subject: South America / Ecuador Language: English Journal: Rev. latinoam. psicol Journal subject: Medicina / Psychology / Sa£de Mental / Transtornos Mentais Year: 2023 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Country/Region as subject: South America / Ecuador Language: English Journal: Rev. latinoam. psicol Journal subject: Medicina / Psychology / Sa£de Mental / Transtornos Mentais Year: 2023 Type: Article