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Macrophage activation syndrome in adults with rheumatic disease / Síndrome de activación macrofágica en adultos con enfermedad reumática
Sterba, Gary; Sterba, Yonit; Iglesias G, Antonio.
  • Sterba, Gary; South Miami Baptist Hospital. Miami. US
  • Sterba, Yonit; Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Bronx. US
  • Iglesias G, Antonio; Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Facultad de Medicina. Bogotá. CO
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 23(2): 137-143, Apr.-June 2016. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-830402
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a pathological systemic inflammatory reaction that is often fatal and underdiagnosed. There may be multiple organ failure that could be triggered in association with rheumatic, neoplastic or infectious diseases and/or drugs. It has been reported more in children than adults, probably as it is often associated with genetic abnormalities not described yet undescribed, genetic abnormalities. In most cases the genetic defect is not recognized in adults, or has a different etiology. The signs and symptoms of macrophage activation syndrome have been defined. Not suspecting its presence may lead to not making the diagnosis and thus, an increase in mortality. Diagnosis is a challenge, treatment has to be started early and be aggressive to reduce the high mortality rate.

OBJECTIVES:

To describe four adult patients with five MAS episodes related to different under-lying diseases, with the aim of making it familiar to the reader, to look for the syndrome and make a diagnosis. MATERIALS AND

METHODS:

Patients evaluated in outpatients and while in the hospital.

RESULTS:

We present the characteristics of MAS, with the diagnostic approach and the ther-apeutic possibilities and their outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:

MAS is not looked for in the adult and could be fatal. It requires identification and early treatment to reduce the risk of mortality. It still needs to be studied to define the genetic defect, or other causes that may be responsible for the development of the syndrome.
RESUMEN

INTRODUCCIÓN:

El síndrome de activación macrofágica (SAM) es una reacción patológica inflamatoria sistémica, frecuentemente fatal y comúnmente no diagnosticada, que se acompaña de una falla multiorgánica y puede desencadenarse asociada a enfermedades reumáticas, neoplásicas, infecciosas o a drogas. Más descrita en niños que en adultos, probablemente en muchas ocasiones se relaciona con alteraciones genéticas aún no descritas. Sus síntomas y signos han sido definidos. El no sospecharlo conlleva a no diagnosticarlo y como consecuencia a un incremento importante del riesgo de mortalidad en el paciente; es por esto que el diagnóstico es un reto y el tratamiento debe de ser temprano y agresivo.

OBJETIVOS:

Describir 4 pacientes adultos con 5 episodios de SAM relacionado con diferentes enfermedades reumáticas, con el interés de familiarizar al lector con la búsqueda del síndrome y de realizar su diagnóstico. MATERIALES Y

MÉTODOS:

Estudio descriptivo de pacientes adultos evaluados en la consulta y hospitalizados.

RESULTADO:

Presentamos las características de los pacientes con SAM, el enfoque diagnóstico, las posibilidades terapéuticas y la evolución.

CONCLUSIONES:

El SAM es una enfermedad no buscada en el adulto que puede ser fatal, requiere ser identificada y tratada tempranamente para disminuir el riesgo de mortalidad. Aún requiere ser estudiada para definir defectos genéticos u otras etiologías que puedan ser responsables de este síndrome.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Macrophage Activation Syndrome Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Rev. colomb. reumatol Journal subject: Rheumatology Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Albert Einstein College of Medicine/US / South Miami Baptist Hospital/US / Universidad Nacional de Colombia/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Macrophage Activation Syndrome Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Rev. colomb. reumatol Journal subject: Rheumatology Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Albert Einstein College of Medicine/US / South Miami Baptist Hospital/US / Universidad Nacional de Colombia/CO