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Distanciamento dos familiares como principal fator estressor em uma unidade de terapia intensiva / Distancing from family as main stressor in an intensive care unit
Piccini, Júlia Danezi; Dummer, Claus Dieter; Fernandes, Roberta Dreyer; Arenhardt, Martina Parenza; Maraschim, Ricardo; Bassotto, João Paulo Carlotto.
  • Piccini, Júlia Danezi; s.af
  • Dummer, Claus Dieter; Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital Santa Cruz. Santa Cruz do Sul. BR
  • Fernandes, Roberta Dreyer; s.af
  • Arenhardt, Martina Parenza; s.af
  • Maraschim, Ricardo; s.af
  • Bassotto, João Paulo Carlotto; s.af
Rev. AMRIGS ; 60(1): 4-8, jan.-mar.2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831226
RESUMO
A internação em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) gera estresse ao paciente por diversos fatores, que, se identificados, são passíveis de modificação.Assim, buscamos identificar os principais fatores estressores dos pacientes internados na UTI de um hospital-escola. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo com pacientes que estiveram internados na UTI adulto de um hospital-escola entre agosto e outubro de 2014. Os pacientes responderam questionário adaptado da Escala de Estressores em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva ICUESS), com 40 itens. Coletaram-se dados clínicos (tempo e tipo de internação) e demográficos (sexo, idade, escolaridade, religião). O grau de estresse de cada item foi determinado por meio de escala de valores pontuados de 1 a 4, considerando um ponto não estressante, dois pontos pouco estressante, três pontos estressante e quatro pontos muito estressante. Os escores obtidos foram ranqueados através da média de cada item, de maior para menor. Resultados: Foram analisados 49 questionários. A idade média foi 56±15,04 anos, com maioria feminina, correspondendo a 34 (69,4%) pacientes. A internação foi cirúrgica em 26 (53,1%) pacientes e a média de dias de internação foi 5,08±5,20. A maioria era aposentada 23 (46,9%) e católica 30 (61,2%). Quanto à escolaridade, 34 (69,4%) completaram o primeiro grau. Os principais fatores estressores foram sentir falta do marido/esposa (2,72±1,26), ver família/ amigos por apenas alguns minutos (2,65±1,3), estar amarrado por tubos (2,59±1,35), ter tubos no nariz e/ou boca (2,44±1,39) e não conseguir dormir (2,42±1,39). Conclusão: Os fatores que geraram maior estresse nos pacientes durante a internação na UTI relacionam-se ao distanciamento dos familiares e ao uso de materiais invasivos.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hospitalization in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) creates stress to the patient by several factors, which, if identified, are modifiable. Here we sought to identify the main stressors to patients admitted to the ICU of a school hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with patients who were admitted to the adult ICU of a school hospital between August and October 2014. Patients answered a questionnaire adapted from the Intensive Care Unit Environmental Stressor Scale (ICUESS), with 40 items. We collected clinical (time and type of admission) and demographic (gender, age, education, religion) data. Each item’s degree of stress was determined by means of a scoring system from 1 to 4, where 1 meant non-stressing, 2 as a little stressing, 3 as stressing, and 4 very stressing. The scores obtained were ranked from each item’s average, from highest to lowest. Results: 49 questionnaires were analyzed. The mean age was 56 ± 15.04 years, with a majority of women, accounting for 34 (69.4%) patients. Hospitalization was surgical in 26 (53.1%) patients and the mean length of ICU stay was 5.08 ± 5.20. Most patients were retired (23; 46.9%) and Catholic (30; 61.2%). As for level of education, 34 (69.4%) completed elementary school. The main stressors were missing husband/wife (2.72 ± 1.26), seeing family/friends for just a few minutes (2.65 ± 1.3), being tied by tubes (2.59 ± 1, 35), having tubes in the nose and/or mouth (2.44 ± 1.39) and not being able to sleep (2.42 ± 1.39). Conclusion: The factors that led to increased stress in patients during hospitalization in ICU are related to distancing from family and the use of invasive materials.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Stress, Psychological / Inpatients / Intensive Care Units Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. AMRIGS Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Stress, Psychological / Inpatients / Intensive Care Units Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. AMRIGS Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul/BR