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Intervenção cirúrgica e fatores associados em neonatos com enterocolite necrosante / Surgical intervention and associated factors in newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis
Rocha, Alessandra Appel da; Silva, Paulo Sérgio Gonçalves da.
  • Rocha, Alessandra Appel da; s.af
  • Silva, Paulo Sérgio Gonçalves da; Universidade Luterana do Brasil. Canoas. BR
Rev. AMRIGS ; 55(4): 361-364, out.-dez. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-835387
RESUMO
Enterocolite Necrosante (EN) é uma síndrome que afeta o trato gastrointestinal de recém-nascidos. A etiologia é desconhecida, no entanto, são conhecidos fatores associados ao desenvolvimento da doença, como prematuridade, peso ao nascer, asfixia/apneia, sepse, choque, ventilação mecânica, comorbidades concomitantes, uso de indometacina e surfactante. Sabe-se também que aqueles pacientes que foram submetidos a intervenção cirúrgica são os que apresentam uma doença mais avançada, logo, a cirurgia se torna fator de mau prognóstico. Assim, o conhecimento dos dados relacionados à intervenção cirúrgica se torna necessário para que se descubra mais fatores de mau prognóstico, para que seja possível intervir e tratar mais precocemente cada caso.

Métodos:

Estudo transversal, com revisão dos prontuários de amostra consecutiva de 50 pacientes com EN de dois hospitais.

Resultados:

Dos 50 pacientes, 19 foram a cirurgia. Desses, 9 (47,4%) eram do sexo feminino e 10 (52,6%) do masculino. A maioria era prematuro (84,2%) e pequena para a idade gestacional (52,6%). Das comorbidades, 16(84,2%) sofreram asfixia, 16 (84,2%) foram submetidos a ventilação mecânica, 18 (94,7%) apresentaram sepse, 14 (73,7%) apresentaram choque, 9 (47,4%) apresentaram apneia e 10 (52,6%) evoluíram para óbito. A indometacina foi usada em 2 (10,5%), o surfactante em 10 (52,6) e 14 (73,7%) tinham doença associada.

Conclusão:

O estudo reafirmou a relação entre cirurgia e um pior prognóstico. A presença de choque esteve associada à maior necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica. Os outros dados necessitam ser melhor avaliados quanto à significância prognóstica.
ABSTRACT
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NE) is a syndrome that affects the gastrointestinal tract of newborns. Its etiology is unknown. Risk factors associated with the development of the disease are prematurity, birth weight, asphyxia/apnea, sepsis, shock, mechanical ventilation, co-morbidities, and use of indomethacin and surfactant. It is also known that patients who underwent surgical intervention are those with more advanced disease, so surgery becomes a bad prognostic factor. Thus, knowledge of the data related to surgical intervention becomes necessary in order to discover prognostic factors, so that we can intervene and treat each case as early as possible.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study with the review of medical records of a consecutive sample of 50 patients with NE of two hospitals.

Results:

Of the 50 patients, 19 underwent surgery. Of these, 9 (47.4%) were female and 10 (52.6%) were male. Most were premature (84.2%) and small for gestational age (52.6%). With regard to co-morbidities, 16 (84.2%) had asphyxia, 16 (84.2%) underwent mechanical ventilation, 18 (94.7%) had sepsis, 14 (73.7%) had shock, 9 (47.4%) had apnea, and 10 (52.6%) died. Indomethacin was used in two (10.5%) and surfactant in 10 (52.6). Fourteen (73.7%) had combined diseases.

Conclusion:

The study confirmed the relationship between surgery and a worse prognosis. Shock was associated with an increased need for surgical intervention. The other data need to be better evaluated for prognostic significance.
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Neonatology Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Humans / Infant, Newborn Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. AMRIGS Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Luterana do Brasil/BR

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Neonatology Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Humans / Infant, Newborn Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. AMRIGS Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Luterana do Brasil/BR