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¿Hay un rol para los agentes biológicos en el tratamiento de la patología pulmonar intersticial asociada a enfermedades del tejido conectivo? / Is there a Role for Biologic Agents in the Treatment of Connective Tissue DiseaseAssociated Interstitial Lung Disease?
Quadrelli, Silvia; Dubinsky, Diana; Alvarez, Sabrina.
  • Quadrelli, Silvia; Fundación Sanatorio Güemes. Buenos Aires. AR
  • Dubinsky, Diana; Fundación Sanatorio Güemes. Buenos Aires. AR
  • Alvarez, Sabrina; Hospital Central de Mendoza. Mendoza. AR
Rev. am. med. respir ; 16(1): 56-63, mar. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-842964
RESUMEN
Excepto en la esclerodermia, no hay ensayos clínicos controlados válidos para guiar la decisión de tratamiento en enfermedad pulmonar intersticial asociada a enfermedades del tejido conectivo (EPID-ETC). Los únicos dos estudios randomizados, controlados, publicados en pacientes con esclerodermia, mostraron un beneficio modesto pero significativo del uso de ciclofosfamida, y la transformaron en el esquema más convencional de tratamiento de toda la EPID-ETC. Los tratamientos iniciales aceptados incluyen corticosteroides, azatioprima y micofenolato para enfermedad leve, mientras que la ciclofosfamida es generalmente recomendada en enfermedad severa. Sin embargo, no está completamente definido cuál es el criterio específico de selección para cada modalidad terapéutica. A lo largo de la última década, el rituximab (RTX) ha sido utilizado en el tratamiento de la EPID-ETC. Una serie reciente de 50 casos de EPID refractaria tratados con infusión de rituximab observó mejoría del 8.9% de la CVF. Muchos estudios retrospectivos han mostrado por lo menos beneficio parcial del RTX en PM/DM refractarias, incluyendo al síndrome antisintetasa (ASS). El rituximab puede tener un rol decisivo en subconjuntos específicos de EPID-ETC. La urgente necesidad de contar con una alternativa más eficaz hace que la evidencia disponible sea considerada suficiente para ofrecer una opción ante enfermedad agresiva o fracaso del tratamiento convencional. Muchos de los nuevos agentes biológicos están actualmente siendo estudiados para el tratamiento de las ETC, incluido el tocilizumab que mostró beneficios en pacientes con EPID-ETC grave.
ABSTRACT
Except for SSc, there are no controlled clinical trial data available to guide decision making in CVD-ILD. To date, only two powered, randomized controlled trials of treatment have been conducted in scleroderma patients; with both of these assessing the benefit of cyclophosphamide compared with placebo for the treatment of scleroderma-related interstitial lung. Currently accepted initial treatments in CVD-ILD include corticosteroids, azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil for mild disease, while cyclophosphamide has been used in severe or rapidly progressive disease. However, an optimal general approach or specific criteria for the selection of each different treatment modality, is not completely defined. During the last decade, rituximab (RTX), has been used in the treatment of a interstitial lung disease associated to connective tissue diseases (ILD-CTD). A recent study including 50 cases of severe and refractory ILD showed that RTX therapy resulted in an an improvement of 8.9% of the FVC. Several small retrospective studies have shown at least partial benefit of RTX in refractory PM/DM, including antisynthetase syndrome (ASS). RTX may have a role in specific subsets of CVD-ILD. Further studies are needed, but there is enough evidence to consider RTX as a suitable and safe option for the treatment of severe, relapsing or refractory patients. Several other biologic agents are now being studied in CVD, including tocilizumab that has shown a possible therapeutic benefit in patients with CVD-ILD.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / Biological Factors / Immunosuppression Therapy Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. am. med. respir Journal subject: Medicine / Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Fundación Sanatorio Güemes/AR / Hospital Central de Mendoza/AR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / Biological Factors / Immunosuppression Therapy Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. am. med. respir Journal subject: Medicine / Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Fundación Sanatorio Güemes/AR / Hospital Central de Mendoza/AR