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Caracterização das paredes corticais do canal da mandíbula para avaliação de alterações causadas pela osteopenia/osteoporose / Characterization the mandibular canal walls to evaluate changes caused by osteopenia / osteoporosis
São Paulo; s.n; 2013. 88 p. ilus, tab. (BR).
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-866482
RESUMO
A osteoporose é uma epidemia mundial, exprime altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, resultando também em altos custos sociais. O exame de densitometria óssea por emissão dupla de raios-X (DXA) é o exame padrão ouro para o diagnóstico da doença. Porém, o alto custo e a disponibilidade de equipamentos, dificultam o acesso ao exame, principalmente nos países pobres e nos emergentes. Triar melhor, e mais precocemente os pacientes para realizar o DXA, é uma estratégia fundamental no combate a essa enfermidade. A radiografia panorâmica vem sendo utilizada na rotina do atendimento odontológico no mundo todo, e tem sido empregada como um método de triagem eficiente de pacientes com baixa densidade mineral óssea. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as paredes corticais do canal da mandíbula para a avaliação de possíveis alterações causadas pela osteopenia /osteoporose, na expectativa de indicar ou não a correlação entre a qualidade óssea mandibular e a qualidade óssea sistêmica. A amostra constituiu-se por 52 mulheres, com idade superior a 45 anos (56.4 ± 8.4 anos) divididas em três grupos de acordo com o exame de DXA Grupo N (n= 26) normal nos três sítios (antebraço, quadril e coluna); Grupo E (n= 18) com osteopenia nos três sítios e Grupo O (n= 8) com osteoporose nos três sítios.
ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis is a worldwide epidemic, expresses high morbidity and mortality, resulting also in high social costs. The bone densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard test for diagnosing the disease. However, its high cost and viability are restricted, especially in poor countries and emerging. Screening better and earlier patients to perform DXA, is a key strategy in combating this disease. Panoramic radiography has been used in routine dental care around the world, and has been employed as an efficient method of screening patients with low bone mineral density. The aim of this study was to analyze the cortical walls of the mandibular canal to evaluate possible changes caused by osteopenia / osteoporosis, hoping to indicate or not the correlation between mandibular bone quality and systemic. 52 women were included aged over 45 years (56.4 ± 8.4 years) were divided into three groups according to the DXA exam Group N (n = 26) normal in three sites (forearm, hip and spine), Group E (n = 18) with osteopenia at the three sites and Group O (n = 8) with osteoporosis in the three sites. Significant differences were found between relative amount of black pixels in the region of the branch (R) of the mandibular canal (p <0.05) and the mean true when compared among groups of samples. In regions of the mandibular canal near the mental foramen (MF), angle (A) and analysis of the amount of fragments statistical tests did not show the significant differences, despite the figures suggest a trend to higher absorption in the walls the E group and to the detriment of group N. It was concluded that the analysis of the cortical the mandibular canal by the number of black pixels may be a useful to the dentist in the evaluation of low bone mineral density.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Osteoporosis / Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Radiography, Panoramic Limits: Adult / Female / Humans Language: Portuguese Year: 2013 Type: Thesis

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Osteoporosis / Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Radiography, Panoramic Limits: Adult / Female / Humans Language: Portuguese Year: 2013 Type: Thesis