Efecto de la implementación de un programa de estimulación cognitiva en una población de adultos mayores institucionalizados en la ciudad de Bogotá / Effect of implementing a program of cognitive stimulation in a population of institutionalized elderly in the city of Bogotá

RESUMEN

En el envejecimiento normal, sin generalizar a toda la población adulta mayor, se puede presentar un declive en las funciones cognitivas e intelectuales previamente desarrolladas por el individuo. Desde la neuropsicología se han movilizado estrategias para mejorar este funcionamiento o detener el declive que se pueda presentar. Dentro de las estrategias de intervención, los programas de estimulación cognitiva muestran efectos beneficiosos en la cognición de estos adultos,mejorando o retardando problemas asociados a una demencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los perfiles pre y post, de un grupo de adultos mayores aquienes se les suministró un programa de estimulación en las funciones mentales superiores. Esta investigación está enmarcada dentro de un tipo de estudio comparativo-descriptivo, cuasi experimental, de diseño con grupo de estudio y grupo de comparación no equivalentes, realizado a 40 adultos mayores de ambosgéneros quienes residen en la Ciudad de Bogotá...

ABSTRACT

In normal aging, without making a generalization to the entire adult population, there may be a decline in cognitive and intellectual functions previously acquiredby the individual, from neuropsychology have mobilized strategies to improve performance or stop the decline can be put forward. Within intervention strategies, cognitive stimulation programs have shown beneficial effects on cognition of these adults as well, they enhance or retard the problems associated with dementia, these facts are based in the light of the concept of brain plasticity, which refers to human beings in terms of central nervous system, have the ability toweigh compensatory manner constraints specific performance of some cognitive functions, with other areas or circuits that are preserved and allow the execution of cognitive activities, likewise this compensatory phenomenon has been worked today under the concept of cognitive reserve, where it is stated that thevarious activities throughout life, and specifically cognitively stimulating activities in adulthood, allows the delay process in most neurodegenerative adulthood. For this study, our objective was to identify the pre and post of a group of older adults who received cognitive stimulation program of higher mental functions profiles. This research is part of a type of comparative descriptive design, quasi-experimental with a study group and a comparison group not equivalent, thestudy population consisted of 40 elderly residents of both genders, institutionalized in a geriatric center in the city of Bogotá...