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Avaliação anatomoclínica e molecular do melanoma cutâneo em pacientes jovens (idade 18-30 anos) / Clinicopathologic and molecular evaluation of cutaneous melanoma in young patients (age 18-30)
São Paulo; s.n; 2014. [149] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-870824
RESUMO
A incidência do melanoma cutâneo em pacientes adultos jovens tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos. Há, contudo, carência de conhecimentos clinicopatológicos e moleculares sobre os melanomas que ocorrem nessa faixa etária. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar 132 casos de melanoma cutâneo primário em pacientes com idade entre 18 e 30 anos, com ênfase no estudo das características clínicas, histopatológicas e avaliação molecular das mutações nos genes BRAF, NRAS e KIT. Em relação aos achados clínicos e histopatológicos, houve predomínio de indivíduos do sexo feminino (61,4%), sendo o tronco o sítio anatômico mais comumente envolvido (44,3%) e o melanoma extensivo superficial o tipo histológico predominante (79,5%). A mutação V600E no gene BRAF (BRAFV600E) foi analisada em 93 casos, utilizando-se a técnica de RT-PCR. Essa mutação foi identificada em 38,7% (36/93) e, estatisticamente, associada à fase vertical de crescimento (p = 0,01), infiltrado inflamatório discreto (p = 0,02) e presença de mitose intradérmica (p = 0,004). Houve, ainda, forte indício de associação com a presença de ulceração (p = 0,05). Todas essas variáveis apresentaram associação com pior prognóstico do melanoma cutâneo. Observou-se predomínio da mutação BRAFV600E em regiões anatômicas relacionadas à exposição solar intermitente. Nenhum caso de melanoma com fenômeno de regressão apresentou mutação BRAFV600E (p < 0,05). Não houve associação significativa entre BRAFV600E e sexo, tipo histológico, nível de Clark, índice de Breslow, elastose solar, invasão angiolinfática e perineural, satelitose, nevo melanocítico coexistente e sobrevida. A pesquisa de mutações NRAS, pela técnica de RT-PCR, detectou frequência de 3,95% (3/76). As três mutações encontradas foram do tipo 61K e ocorreram em pacientes do sexo masculino e em região de cabeça e pescoço. As mutações BRAFV600E e NRAS, quando presentes, eram mutuamente exclusivas. A frequência de mutações KIT, analisadas por...
ABSTRACT
The incidence of cutaneous melanoma in young adults has dramatically increased in recent years. However, there is scarce data about the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics on the melanomas occurring at this age group. The present study aimed to evaluate 132 patients aged between 18 and 30 years with primary cutaneous melanoma with emphasis on the study of clinical, histopathological characteristics and molecular evaluation of mutations in BRAF, NRAS and KIT genes. Regarding the clinical and histopathological findings, the following results were found female predominance (61.4%), trunk was the most commonly anatomical site involved (44.3%) and superficial spreading melanoma, was the most common histological type (79.5 %). The V600E mutation in BRAF (BRAFV600E) gene was analyzed in 93 cases, using RT-PCR. It was present in 38.7% (36/93) and statistically related to the vertical growth phase (p = 0.01), mild inflammatory infiltration (p = 0.02) and the presence of intradermal mitosis (p = 0.004). There was, also, strongly evidence of an association with the presence of ulceration (p = 0.05). Worse prognosis was associated with these variables. There was a predominance of BRAFV600E mutation in anatomical regions related to intermittent sun exposure. No cases of melanoma with BRAFV600E mutation showed regression phenomenon (p < 0.05). There was no significant association between BRAFV600E and gender, histological type, Clark level, Breslow thickness, solar elastosis, angiolymphatic and perineural invasion, sattelitosis, coexisting melanocytic nevus and survival. The presence of a mutation in NRAS, by RT-PCR was seen in 3.95% (3/76) of the cases. All these three mutations were of type 61K, occurred in male patients and the head and neck region. BRAFV600E and NRAS mutations, when present, were mutually exclusive. The frequency of KIT mutations, analyzed by sequencing, was 11.1% (3/27). The three mutations identified in this gene were located in...
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Skin Neoplasms / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Young Adult / Melanoma Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Year: 2014 Type: Thesis

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Skin Neoplasms / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Young Adult / Melanoma Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Year: 2014 Type: Thesis