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A influência da instabilidade de microssatélites e outros biomarcadores nos desfechos clínicos de pacientes com câncer colorretal metastático: um estudo caso-controle / The influence of microsatellite instability and other biomarkers on the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a case-control study
São Paulo; s.n; 2016. [116] p. graf, tab, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-870881
RESUMO
O câncer colorretal metastático (CCRm) é uma doença clinicamente e molecularmente heterogênea. Os pacientes apresentam diferentes prognósticos e respostas variáveis às terapias direcionadas contra o tumor. Alterações na função do sistema de reparo do DNA (deficiency mismatch repair - dMMR) estão associadas com o fenótipo de instabilidade de microssatélites e bom prognóstico em tumores de estádio inicial. No entanto, dMMR é raro no CCRm e pouco se sabe sobre sua influência na taxa de resposta (TR) ao tratamento. Nosso objetivo primário foi comparar a TR, de acordo com o status dMMR, nos pacientes com CCRm. Os desfechos secundários foram TR, conforme RAS e BRAF mutados, e a sobrevida global (SG), de acordo com dMMR.

MÉTODOS:

Estudo retrospectivo com grupo controle que comparou a TR por RECIST 1.1 em pacientes com CCRm, tratados com quimioterapia (QT) sistêmica, de acordo com o status dMMR. Os dados clínicos foram coletados, retrospectivamente, dos prontuários médicos. Todas as imagens foram digitais e recuperadas para avaliação de resposta por um único radiologista, cego quanto ao status dMMR. dMMR foi definido como a perda de expressão imuno-histoquímica em pelo menos um dos genes MMR (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 e PMS2). Mutações em RAS e BRAF foram investigadas por meio de sequenciamento gênico. Os casos foram os pacientes com dMMR, e os controles, com MMR proficiente (pMMR), selecionados de forma consecutiva, em proporção de 12. Com base em características clínicas e moleculares, os indivíduos dMMR foram classificados como provável Lynch ou dMMR esporádico. Estatística descritiva foi usada para resumir os resultados. A associação entre dMMR e os resultados específicos de cada grupo foram analisados pelo teste do qui-quadrado, e para a avaliação de SG mediana, curvas de Kaplan-Meier e teste log-rank foram utilizados. Valores bicaudados de p < 0.05 foram considerados significativos.

RESULTADOS:

Entre janeiro de 2009 e janeiro de 2013, de...
ABSTRACT
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous disease, where patients present different prognosis and variable responses to cancer-directed therapies. Alterations in the function of DNA deficiency mismatch repair (dMMR) genes are associated with microsatellite instability and good prognosis in early stage tumors. However dMMR dysfunction is rare in mCRC and little is known about its influence on treatment response rate (RR). Our primary endpoint was to compare the RR of mCRC patients according to dMMR status and to explore differences between patients with likely sporadic versus likely Lynch-related tumors. Secondary endpoints were RR according to RAS and BRAF mutation status, and survival times as per dMMR status.

METHODS:

Retrospective study with control group that compared the RR by RECIST 1.1 in patients with mCRC treated with systemic chemotherapy according to dMMR status. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from medical charts. All images were digital and were retrieved for response evaluation by a single radiologist blinded to dMMR results. dMMR status was defined as loss of immunohistochemistry expression in at least one of the MMR genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 e PMS2). RAS and BRAF mutations were investigated through next generation sequencing. Cases were defined as dMMR and controls, as proficient MMR (pMMR) patients, in a 12 fashion. Based on clinical and molecular features, dMMR patients were classified as likely Lynch or sporadic. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the results. The association between dMMR and outcomes of each group were analyzed by chi-square test; estimates of median overall survival were done by the Kaplan-Meier method and comparisons, by the log-rank test. Two-tailed p values < 0.05 were considered significant.

RESULTS:

From January 2009 to January 2013, out of 1270 patients, 762 were eligible and screened for dMMR N = 27 (3.5%) had dMMR and N = 735 (96.5%) had...
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Immunohistochemistry / Colorectal Neoplasms / Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Biomarkers, Tumor / Treatment Outcome / Drug Therapy / Microsatellite Instability Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Year: 2016 Type: Thesis

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Immunohistochemistry / Colorectal Neoplasms / Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Biomarkers, Tumor / Treatment Outcome / Drug Therapy / Microsatellite Instability Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Year: 2016 Type: Thesis