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Evaluación emocional del impacto del diagnóstico y tratamientos a padres de niños con desórdenes de la diferenciación sexual (DSD) / Emotion-focused evaluation of the impact on parents of diagnosis and treatment of children with disorders of sex development (DSD)
Di Martino, M; Ongaro, L.
  • Di Martino, M; Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan. Servicio de Salud Mental. Buenos Aires. AR
  • Ongaro, L; Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan. Servicio de Salud Mental. Buenos Aires. AR
Med. infant ; 24(2): 127-138, Junio 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-878777
RESUMEN
El Hospital Garrahan realiza la atención interdisciplinaria de niños con "Anomalías de la Diferenciación Sexual". Es importante conocer el estado emocional de los padres de los pacientes con diagnóstico de DSD (Disorders of Sex Development).para comprender y acompañar de la mejor manera el proceso por el que deberán atravesar estas familias. El objetivo del trabajo es Identificar indicadores de vulnerabilidad y/o afectación psicoemocional de los padres, empleando para ello entrevistas semidirigidas e instrumentos científicamente validados .Se aplicaron Escalas de ansiedad, de depresión, Cuestionario de Salud SF-36, el Pediatric Inventory for Parents (PIP), y el Cuestionario de afrontamiento para adultos CAE. Se realizó un estudio Descriptivo de corte transversal. Resultados. Se entrevistaron 53 padres. El promedio de edad 28 años. El 24,5% pertenece al Cono Urbano, 11,3% a CABA, y 22,6% a otras provincias . Nivel educativo primaria completa 49%, secundaria 24,5%, estudios terciarios y universitarios 5,6%y 3,7%, no terminaron la primaria 9,4%, secundario 7,8%. En cuanto a la información recibida, diagnóstico, estudios, indicaciones, y recomendaciones para la asignación de sexo de sus hijos, y las medidas al respecto; 49% alcanzó una comprensión regular, 13,2% tenía una mala calidad de información, 37% logró una buena información . El CAE describe las estrategias para hacer frente a situaciones estresantes, el refugio en creencias y la religión presentó la mayor cantidad el 64%, los estilos de afrontamiento evaluación emocional abierta y la autofocalización negativa (54% y 52% respectivamente), focalización en la solución del problema (45%), la reevaluación positiva de las situaciones (35%) y la evitación (23%). El recurso menos utilizado es la búsqueda de apoyo social (19%). Otra de las variables estudiadas fue la depresión como indicador de malestar,se utilizó el test de Hamilton, presentando No depresión (38,3%), depresión ligera/menor (25%), depresión mayor (13,3%), depresión moderada y depresión severa (5% cada una), y un porcentaje no contestó (13,3%). En el PIP, perciben que la comunicación de información médica es estresante en un 37,3% y también sienten que debe esforzarse para comprenderla en un 52,9%. Los cuidados médicos que deben asumir representan un factor estresante para el 58,8%, y creen necesitar esforzarse para asumirlos el 70,6%. Por otro lado consideran que tener que manejar las relaciones familiares paralelas a la situación de enfermedad de sus hijos es estresante en un 60,8%, debiendo esforzarse para afrontarlas en un 41,2% de los casos (AU)
ABSTRACT
At Garrahan Hospital children with "sex differentiation anomalies" are managed in a multidisciplinary team. It is important to know the emotional state of the parents of patients with a diagnosis of disorders of sex development (DSDs) in order to understand and best accompany the family in the process they have to go through. The aim of this study was to identify markers of vulnerability and/or psycho-emotional affectation of the parents, using semistructured interviews and scientifically validated instruments. The Scales of Anxiety, of Depression, the Short Form (SF-36) Health Survey, the Pediatric Inventory for Parents (PIP), and the coping questionnaire for adults (CAE) were used. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed.

Results:

53 parents were interviewed. Mean age was 28 years. Overall, 24.5% was from Greater Buenos Aires, 11.3% from the city of Buenos Aires, and 22.6% from other provinces. Educational level 49% completed primary school, 24.5% completed secondary school, and 5.6% and 3.7% completed tertiary or university education; 9.4% had not completed primary and 7.8% secondary school. Regarding information received, 49% had a regular understanding, 13.2% had a poor understanding, and 37% had a good understanding of the information. The CAE describes strategies to cope with stressful situations; beliefs and religion were the most common in 64%, strategies of open emotion-focused coping and self-blame (54% and 52%, respectively), problem-focused coping (45%), a positive reappraisal of the situations (35%), and denial (23%). The least used coping resource was looking for social support (19%). Other variables studied were depression as a marker of discomfort The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was used, showing No depression (38.3%), mild/minor depression (25%), major depression (13.3%), moderate and severe depression (5% each), and a percentage did not respond (13.3%). Using the PIP it was found that medical communication was found to be stressful in 37.3% and 52.9% felt they had to make an effort to understand the information. The medical care the parents have to assume was a stressing factor for 58.8%, and 70.6% believed they had to make an effort to assume the care. On the other hand, 60.8% believed that having to manage family relationships parallel to the disease situation of their children was stressful, and it was felt by 41.2% they had to make an effort to cope with that situation (AU)
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Parents / Sex Differentiation / Disorders of Sex Development / Adaptation, Psychological / Family Type of study: Diagnostic study / Evaluation studies / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research Limits: Adult / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant / Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Med. infant Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan/AR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Parents / Sex Differentiation / Disorders of Sex Development / Adaptation, Psychological / Family Type of study: Diagnostic study / Evaluation studies / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research Limits: Adult / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant / Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Med. infant Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan/AR