Topofilia: razones del retorno de mujeres y familias campesinas / Topophilia: Reasons of the Return of Country Women and Families

RESUMEN

La confrontación armada vivida en el Oriente Antioqueño, provocó una serie de transformaciones en los modos de vida y las relaciones sociales de sus pobladores, quienes, pese al desplazamiento, deciden retornar a sus territorios por iniciativa propia con o sin ayuda del Estado, para reconstruir su proyecto de vida. Es así como los campesinos retornan a sus tierras movidos por las precariedades económicas que viven en el lugar al que llegaron desplazados, pero también por fuertes sentimientos de apego al lugar y al entono que habitaban. Un concepto que enmarca estos sentimientos de apego es el de topofilia, que comprende los vínculos afectivos del ser humano con su entorno. No obstante, hombres y mujeres dan sentido a su entorno de maneras diferentes, le dan significados distintos dependiendo de los roles que asumen en la sociedad y según los marcados roles de género que influyen en las maneras de percibir el entorno, el apegarse a él, además de las implicaciones que tienen dichos roles en la construcción social del territorio.

ABSTRACT

The armed confrontation experienced in the Eastern Region of Antioquia (Colombia), provoked a series of transformations in the lifestyles and the social relations of their inhabitants, who despite the act of displacement, decide to retake their territories, on their own initiative, with or without the assistance of the State, to rebuild their project of life. This is how the country people return to their lands moved by the economic precariousness, which they experience in the place where they live as displaced people, but also as a result of strong feelings of attachment to the place and the environment that they used to inhabit. A concept, which frames these feelings of attachment is that of Topophilia, which comprises the affective links of the human being with his environment. Nevertheless, men and women make sense of their environment differently. They give it different meanings depending on the roles that they play in society and according to the marked roles of gender, which influence on the manners that they use to perceive the environment, their attachment to it, as well as the implications that those roles have on the social construction of the territory.