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Candesartan, rather than losartan, improves motor dysfunction in thioacetamide-induced chronic liver failure in rats
Murad, HA; Gazzaz, ZJ; Ali, SS; Ibraheem, MS.
  • Murad, HA; King Abdulaziz University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Pharmacology. Jeddah. SA
  • Gazzaz, ZJ; King Abdulaziz University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Pharmacology. Jeddah. SA
  • Ali, SS; King Abdulaziz University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Pharmacology. Jeddah. SA
  • Ibraheem, MS; King Abdulaziz University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Pharmacology. Jeddah. SA
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 50(11): e6665, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888944
ABSTRACT
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is more common than the acute syndrome. Losartan, the first angiotensin-II receptor blocker (ARB), and candesartan, another widely-used ARB, have protected against developing fibrogenesis, but there is no clear data about their curative antifibrotic effects. The current study was designed to examine their effects in an already-established model of hepatic fibrosis and also their effects on the associated motor dysfunction. Low-grade chronic liver failure (CLF) was induced in 3-month old Sprague-Dawley male rats using thioacetamide (TAA, 50 mg·kg−1·day−1) intraperitoneally for 2 weeks. The TAA-CLF rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8) treated orally for 14 days (mg·kg−1·day−1) as follows TAA (distilled water), losartan (5 and 10 mg/kg), and candesartan (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg). Rats were tested for rotarod and open-field tests. Serum and hepatic biochemical markers, and hepatic histopathological changes were evaluated by H&E and Masson's staining. The TAA-CLF rats showed significant increases of hepatic malondialdehyde, hepatic expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and serum ammonia, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, TNF-α, and malondialdehyde levels as well as significant decreases of hepatic and serum glutathione levels. All treatments significantly reversed these changes. The histopathological changes were moderate in losartan-5 and candesartan-0.1 groups and mild in losartan-10 and candesartan-0.3 groups. Only candesartan significantly improved TAA-induced motor dysfunction. In conclusion, therapeutic antifibrotic effects of losartan and candesartan in thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats are possibly through angiotensin-II receptor blocking, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Improved motor dysfunction by candesartan could be attributed to better brain penetration and slower "off-rate" from angiotensin-II receptors. Clinical trials are recommended.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tetrazoles / Benzimidazoles / Losartan / Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / End Stage Liver Disease / Motor Disorders Type of study: Etiology study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Braz. j. med. biol. res Journal subject: Biology / Medicine Year: 2017 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Saudi Arabia Institution/Affiliation country: King Abdulaziz University/SA

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tetrazoles / Benzimidazoles / Losartan / Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / End Stage Liver Disease / Motor Disorders Type of study: Etiology study / Prognostic study Limits: Animals Language: English Journal: Braz. j. med. biol. res Journal subject: Biology / Medicine Year: 2017 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Saudi Arabia Institution/Affiliation country: King Abdulaziz University/SA