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Effectiveness of carboxylic acids from Pichia membranifaciens against coffee rust / Eficácia do ácido carboxílico de Pichia membranifaciens contra a ferrugem do cafeeiro
Melchor, Rosa Laura Andrade; Rosales, Violeta Galaviz; Pérez, Maria Concepción Garcia; Fernández, Silvia Piñero; Álvarez, Gabriela Olmedo; Mastache, Jose Manuel Narváez.
  • Melchor, Rosa Laura Andrade; Azul Natural S. A.. Research and Development Department. Durango. MX
  • Rosales, Violeta Galaviz; Azul Natural S. A.. Research and Development Department. Durango. MX
  • Pérez, Maria Concepción Garcia; Azul Natural S. A.. Research and Development Department. Durango. MX
  • Fernández, Silvia Piñero; Azul Natural S. A.. Research and Development Department. Durango. MX
  • Álvarez, Gabriela Olmedo; Azul Natural S. A.. Research and Development Department. Durango. MX
  • Mastache, Jose Manuel Narváez; Azul Natural S. A.. Research and Development Department. Durango. MX
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 42(1): 42-50, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890666
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Coffee rust is a fungal disease that has affected every coffee-producing region in the world. Given that the effectivity of the protectant and systemic fungicides applied routinely to control the spread of the causative agent of the disease (Hemileia vastatrix) has gradually diminished, besides are harmful to mammals and ecosystems, the objective of this work was to search for a mixture of harmless natural compounds with the potential to be applied in the field. So, a yeast strain producing a battery of long-chain carboxylic acids (CA) with fungicide properties was isolated from soil of coffee crop and identified as Pichia membranifaciens by ITS sequencing. Culture conditions of the yeast were optimized and the CA in the solution were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) as ethyl formate (55.5 g L-1), octadecenoic acid (3.5 g L-1), propionic acid (7.2 g L-1), 3-(octadecanoyl)-propionic acid (7.2 g L-1) and methyl acetate (8.4 g L-1). Randomized field studies were conducted in three different locations in Chiapas, México. Five treatments were tested including three concentrations of the CA solution (389, 584 and 778 ppm) and copper oxychloride (5 000 ppm) as conventional control. The initial coffee rust incidence averages varied between sites: Maravillas (3-9%), Santo Domingo (10-16%) and Búcaro (16-22%). The treatments of CA solution proved to be effective at slowing down the progress of the rust disease even for the sites where initial incidence was high. Likewise, the CA solution reduced the viability of H. vastatrix spores, as assessed by fluorescence microscopy.
RESUMO
RESUMO A ferrugem do cafeeiro é uma doença que tem afetado as regiões produtoras de café no mundo. Considerando que os funguicidas protetores e sistemáticos que são aplicados rotinariamente para controlar a difusão do agente causador da doença (Hemileia vastatrix) são nocivos para os humanos, animais e ecossistemas, o objetivo deste trabalho é determinar um componente natural com potencial de uso. Uma cepa de levedura produzindo uma bateria de ácidos carboxílicos com ação funguicida foi isolada do solo e identificada como Pichia membranifaciens por sequenciamento ITS. Foram optimizadas as condições de cultura e os ácidos carboxílicos presentes na semi purificada sobrenadante (solução CA) foram caracterizados por cromatografia de gás espectometia de massa (GC-MS) como formato de etilo (55.5 g L-1), ácido octadecenóico (3.5 g L-1), ácido propiônico (7.2 g L-1), 3-(octadecanoil)-ácido propiônico 7.2 g L-1) e acetato de metilio (8.4 g L-1). Estudos do campo foram conduzidos em três locais na região de Chiapas, Mexico. Cinco tratamentos foram testados incluindo três concentrações da solução CA (389, 584 e 778 ppm) e o funguicida comercial contendo oxicloreto de cobre (500 ppm). As médias iniciais de incidência da ferrugem do cafeeiro variou em função do local: Maravilla (3-9%), Santo domingo (10-16%) e Búcaro (16-22%). A solução CA provou ser efetiva retardando o progresso da doença, mesmo nos locais onde a incidência inicial foi elevada. A solução CA reduziu a viabilidade dos esporos de H. Vastatrix, observado por meio de fluorescência.


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Controlled clinical trial Language: English Journal: Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) Journal subject: Biology / Biotechnology / Nutritional Sciences / VETERINARIA Year: 2018 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: Azul Natural S. A./MX

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Controlled clinical trial Language: English Journal: Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) Journal subject: Biology / Biotechnology / Nutritional Sciences / VETERINARIA Year: 2018 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: Azul Natural S. A./MX