Balance and postural control in basketball players / Equilíbrio e controle postural em atletas de basquetebol

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Basketball is one of the most popular sports involving gestures and movements that require single-leg based support. Dorsiflexion range of motion (DROM), balance and postural control may influence the performance of this sport. Objective: To compare and correlate measures of balance, postural control and ankle DROM between amateur basketball athletes and non-athletes. Methods: Cross-sectional study, composed by 122 subjects allocated into one control group (CG = 61) and one basketball group (BG = 61). These groups were subdivided into two other groups by age 12-14 years and 15-18 years. The participants were all tested for postural balance with the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), postural control with the Step-down test and DROM with the Weight-bearing lunge test (WBLT). Between-groups differences were compared using repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance. Normalized reaching distances were analyzed and correlated with the WBLT and Step-down test. Results: There was no difference in the scores of WBLT (P = .488) and Step-down test (P =. 916) between the groups. Scores for the anterior reach (P = .001) and total score of SEBT (P = .030) were higher in BG. The values for the posterolateral (P = .001) and posteromedial reach (P = .001) of SEBT were higher in BG at the age of 15-18. The correlation between the anterior reach of the SEBT and WBLT was significant in BG between 12-14 years (r = 0.578, P = .008), and in the CG between 15-18 years (r = 0.608, P=.001). Conclusion: The balance was better in the BG, although adolescents between 15-18 years have better balance control for the posteromedial and posterolateral reaches of the SEBT.

RESUMO

Resumo Introdução: O basquetebol é um dos esportes mais praticados na atualidade, o qual envolve gestos e movimentos que exigem apoio unipodal. Amplitude de movimento de dorsiflexão (ADMD), equilíbrio e controle postural podem influenciar o desempenho deste esporte. Objetivo: Comparar e correlacionar medidas de equilíbrio, controle postural e ADMD de tornozelo entre atletas de basquetebol amadores e não-atletas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, composto por 122 participantes. Estes foram distribuídos em grupo controle (GC = 61) e grupo basquete (GB = 61). Cada grupo foi subdivido em outros dois, de acordo com a idade 12-14 e 15-18 anos. Todos foram avaliados para equilíbrio postural com Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), controle postural com Step-down teste e ADMD foi testada com Weight-bearing lunge test (WBLT). As diferenças entre os grupos foram comparadas pelo teste de medidas repetidas e análise de variância multivariada. Distâncias normalizadas dos alcances no SEBT foram analisadas e correlacionados com o WBLT e Step-down test. Resultados: Não houve diferença entre os grupos nos escores do WBLT (P = .488) e Step-down test (P = .916). A pontuação para alcance anterior (P = .001) e escore total de SEBT (P = .030) foram maiores no GB. Os valores para alcance posterolateral (P = .001) e posteromedial (P = .001) do SEBT foram maiores no GB de 15-18 anos. A correlação entre distância anterior do SEBT e WBLT foi significativa no GB de 12-14 anos (r = 0.578, P = .008) e no GC de 15-18 anos (r = 0.608, P = .001). Conclusão: O equilíbrio foi melhor no GB, embora adolescentes de 15-18 anos possuam melhor controle de equilíbrio para alcances posteromedial e posterolateral do SEBT.