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Drug-induced hypothyroidism
Rizzo, Leonardo F L; Mana, Daniela L; Serra, Héctor A.
  • Rizzo, Leonardo F L; Montpellier SA. AR
  • Mana, Daniela L; Montpellier SA. AR
  • Serra, Héctor A; Montpellier SA. AR
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 77(5): 394-404, oct. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-894506
ABSTRACT
The thyroid axis is particularly prone to interactions with a wide variety of drugs, whose list increases year by year. Hypothyroidism is the most frequent consequence of drug-induced thyroid dysfunction. The main mechanisms involved in the development of primary hypothyroidism are inhibition of the synthesis and/or release of thyroid hormones, immune mechanisms related to the use of interferon and other cytokines, and the induction of thyroiditis associated with the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and drugs blocking the receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor. Central hypothyroidism may be induced by inhibition of thyroid-stimulating hormone (bexarotene or corticosteroids) or by immunological mechanisms (anti-CTLA4 or anti-PD-1 antibody drugs). It is also important to recognize those drugs that generate hypothyroidism by interaction in its treatment, either by reducing the absorption or by altering the transport and metabolism of levothyroxine. Thus, it is strongly recommended to evaluate thyroid function prior to the prescription of medications such as amiodarone, lithium, or interferon, and the new biological therapies that show important interaction with thyroid and endocrine function in general.
RESUMEN
El eje tiroideo es particularmente proclive a sufrir interacciones con una amplia variedad de drogas, cuya lista se acrecienta año a año. El hipotiroidismo es la consecuencia más frecuente de disfunción tiroidea inducida por fármacos. Los principales mecanismos involucrados en el desarrollo de hipotiroidismo primario son la inhibición de la síntesis y/o liberación de las hormonas tiroideas, mecanismos inmunes relacionados con el uso de interferón y otras citoquinas, y la inducción de tiroiditis asociada al uso de los inhibidores tirosina-kinasa y a drogas bloqueantes del receptor del factor de crecimiento del endotelio vascular. El hipotiroidismo central puede ser inducido por la inhibición de la tirotrofina (bexaroteno o corticoides) o por mecanismos inmunológicos (drogas anti-CTLA4 o anti PD-1). Es importante reconocer aquellas drogas que generan hipotiroidismo por interacción en su tratamiento, ya sea disminuyendo la absorción o alterando el transporte y metabolismo de la levotiroxina. Sería recomendable evaluar la función tiroidea previa a la prescripción de medicamentos como amiodarona, litio o interferón, y a las nuevas terapias biológicas que muestran importante interacción sobre la función tiroidea y endocrina en general.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Hypothyroidism Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Montpellier SA/AR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Hypothyroidism Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Montpellier SA/AR