Treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in young patients with DHS and its association to osteonecrosis / Tratamento de fraturas deslocadas do colo femoral em pacientes jovens com DHS e associação com a osteonecrose

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of dynamic hip screw for the treatment of dislocated femoral neck fractures in young patients, focusing on osteonecrosis. Methods: A series of 53 patients with less than 55 years of age were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had dislocated femoral neck fractures (Garden III or IV) and were treated with DHS. Ficat's staging system was used to evaluate avascular necrosis. Results: There were 38 (71.7%) males and 15 (28.3%) females, with an overall mean age at the onset of fracture of 41.9 years (±12.8). According to Garden's classification, 21 (39.6%) fractures were classified as type III and 32 (60.4%) were considered totally dislocated, Garden IV. Fracture healing was achieved in 39 patients (73.6%). Thirteen cases of avascular necrosis were observed (24.6%). Conclusions: The incidence of avascular necrosis in young patients with a displaced femoral neck fractures treated with DHS was 24.6%. No statistically significant association was found between times elapsed to surgery, fracture displacement, and presence of derotation screw with osteonecrosis. Level of evidence IV.

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho do dynamic hip screw (DHS) no tratamento de fraturas do colo femoral deslocadas em pacientes jovens, com foco na osteonecrose. Métodos: Uma série de 53 pacientes com menos de 55 anos foi avaliada retrospectivamente. Todos os pacientes apresentaram fraturas do colo femoral deslocadas (Garden III ou IV) e foram tratados com DHS. O sistema de estadiamento de Ficat foi usado para avaliar a necrose avascular. Resultados: Foram incluídos 38 (71,7%) pacientes do sexo masculino e 15 (28,3%) do feminino, com média no momento da fratura de 41,9 anos (± 12,8). Segundo a classificação de Garden, 21 (39,6%) fraturas foram classificadas como tipo III e 32 (60,4%) foram considerados totalmente deslocadas, Garden IV. A consolidação da fratura foi obtida em 39 pacientes (73,6%). Foram observados 13 casos de necrose avascular (24,6%). Conclusões: A incidência de necrose avascular em pacientes jovens com fraturas deslocadas do colo do fêmur tratados com DHS foi de 24,6%. Não houve associação estatisticamente significante entre os intervalos até a cirurgia, o deslocamento da fratura e a presença de parafuso antirrotacional com a osteonecrose. Nível de evidência IV.