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Clinical characteristics of women with gestational diabetes - comparison of two cohorts enrolled 20 years apart in southern Brazil / Caraterísticas clínicas de mulheres com diabetes gestacional - uma comparação de duas coortes arroladas em intervalo de 20 anos no sul do Brasil
Reichelt, Angela Jacob; Weinert, Letícia Schwerz; Mastella, Livia Silveira; Gnielka, Vanessa; Campos, Maria Amélia; Hirakata, Vânia Naomi; Oppermann, Maria Lúcia Rocha; Silveiro, Sandra Pinho; Schmidt, Maria Inês.
  • Reichelt, Angela Jacob; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Weinert, Letícia Schwerz; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Mastella, Livia Silveira; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Gnielka, Vanessa; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Campos, Maria Amélia; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Hirakata, Vânia Naomi; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Oppermann, Maria Lúcia Rocha; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Silveiro, Sandra Pinho; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Schmidt, Maria Inês; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Division of Endocrinology. Porto Alegre. BR
São Paulo med. j ; 135(4): 376-382, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-904095
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND

OBJECTIVE:

The prevalence and characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have changed over time, reflecting the nutritional transition and changes in diagnostic criteria. We aimed to evaluate characteristics of women with GDM over a 20-year interval. DESIGN AND

SETTING:

Comparison of two pregnancy cohorts enrolled in different periods, in university hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil 1991 to 1993 (n = 216); and 2009 to 2013 (n = 375).

METHODS:

We applied two diagnostic criteria to the cohorts International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG)/World Health Organization (WHO); and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). We compared maternal-fetal characteristics and outcomes between the cohorts and within each cohort.

RESULTS:

The women in the 2010s cohort were older (31 ± 7 versus 30 ± 6 years), more frequently obese (29.4% versus 15.2%), with more hypertensive disorders (14.1% versus 5.6%) and at increased risk of cesarean section (adjusted relative risk 1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.4 - 2.3), compared with those in the 1990s cohort. Neonatal outcomes such as birth weight category and hypoglycemia were similar. In the 1990s cohort, women only fulfilling IADPSG/WHO or only fulfilling NICE criteria had similar characteristics and outcomes; in the 2010s cohort, women only diagnosed through IADPSG/WHO were more frequently obese than those diagnosed only through NICE (33 ± 8 kg/m2 versus 28 ± 6 kg/m2; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

The epidemic of obesity seems to have modified the profile of women with GDM. Despite similar neonatal outcomes, there were differences in the intensity of treatment over time. The IADPSG/WHO criteria seemed to identify a profile more associated with obesity.
RESUMO
RESUMO CONTEXTO E

OBJETIVO:

Prevalência e características do diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) modificaram-se com o tempo, refletindo transição nutricional e diferentes critérios diagnósticos. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar características de gestações com DMG em intervalo de 20 anos. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL Comparação de duas coortes gestacionais arroladas em diferentes períodos, em hospitais universitários de Porto Alegre, Brasil 1991 a 1993 (n = 216) e 2009 a 2013 (n = 375).

MÉTODOS:

Aplicamos dois critérios diagnósticos às coortes International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG)/Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS); e National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Comparamos características e desfechos materno-fetais entre as coortes e dentro de cada uma.

RESULTADOS:

Na coorte dos anos 2010, as mulheres eram mais velhas (31 ± 7 versus 30 ± 6 anos), obesas (29,4% versus 15,2%), apresentaram mais distúrbios hipertensivos (14,1% versus 5,6%) e risco aumentado de cesariana (risco relativo ajustado 1,8; intervalo de confiança de 95% 1,4 - 2,3), comparadas às da coorte de 1990. Desfechos neonatais, como categoria do peso ao nascer e hipoglicemia, foram semelhantes. Na coorte de 1990, essas características e desfechos foram semelhantes nas mulheres que preenchiam apenas um dos critérios; na de 2010, mulheres diagnosticadas apenas pelo IADPSG/OMS eram mais obesas (33 ± 8 kg/m2 versus 28 ± 6 kg/m2, P < 0,001) do que as diagnosticadas apenas pelo NICE.

CONCLUSÃO:

A epidemia de obesidade parece ter modificado o perfil de mulheres com DMG. Embora desfechos neonatais sejam semelhantes, houve diferenças na intensidade de tratamento ao longo do tempo. O critério da IADPSG/OMS parece identificar um perfil mais associado à obesidade.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Diabetes, Gestational / Hypertension / Obesity Type of study: Etiology study / Incidence study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Infant, Newborn / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: São Paulo med. j Journal subject: Cirurgia Geral / Ciˆncia / Ginecologia / Medicine / Medicina Interna / Obstetr¡cia / Pediatria / Sa£de Mental / Sa£de P£blica Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Diabetes, Gestational / Hypertension / Obesity Type of study: Etiology study / Incidence study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Infant, Newborn / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: São Paulo med. j Journal subject: Cirurgia Geral / Ciˆncia / Ginecologia / Medicine / Medicina Interna / Obstetr¡cia / Pediatria / Sa£de Mental / Sa£de P£blica Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/BR