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The Natural History of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
Peres, Carlos Michel Albuquerque; Yamaki, Vitor Nagai; Figueiredo, Eberval Gadelha.
  • Peres, Carlos Michel Albuquerque; Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Santa Julia. Manaus, AM. BR
  • Yamaki, Vitor Nagai; Division of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP. BR
  • Figueiredo, Eberval Gadelha; Division of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP. BR
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 36(3): 153-159, 08/09/2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911197
ABSTRACT
Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are relatively rare lesions with irreversible consequences in the context of hemorrhage. They are characterized by direct connections between arteries and veins without an intervening capillary network. The natural history of brain AVMs is controversial in the literature, with low evidence level gathered in the papers published, and with large divergence of results among them. A detailed understanding of the natural history is critical for treatment decision. The risk of development of deleterious outcomes such as hemorrhage or brain infarction should always be considered when submitting a patient to the risks of treatment. Several factors related to the patient and to the AVMs are determinants in the natural history of this disease. The topography, size, morphology and angioarchitecture of AVMs determine the risk of rupture. Large AVMs, those located in the posterior fossa and with deep venous drainage, have higher risk of rupture. Due to divergence in the literature regarding the natural history of AVMs, the choice of treatment should also consider experiences acquired over the years from reference centers with a high number of AVMs treated per year. We determined 7 variables that should be considered during the decision to treat an AVM 1) previous hemorrhage; 2) aneurysm associated to the AVM; 3) direct arteriovenous fistula; 4) factors related to the nidus; 5) age and habits (smoking, sedentary lifestyle, diet quality); 6) the functional performance of the patient; 7) psychological factors.
RESUMO
Malformações arteriovenosas (MAVs) são lesões caracterizadas por conexões diretas entre artérias e veias sem rede capilar. São relativamente raras e com consequências muitas vezes irreversíveis no contexto de hemorragia. A história natural das MAVs é controversa na literatura, com pouca evidência extraída dos artigos publicados, além de alta divergência entre resultados. Um entendimento detalhado da história natural da doença é determinante para a decisão do tratamento. O risco de desenvolver consequências deletérias como hemorragia ou isquemia deve ser sempre considerado antes de submeter pacientes ao tratamento. Vários fatores relacionados ao paciente e às MAVs são determinantes na história natural da doença. A localização, tamanho, morfologia e angioarquitetura das MAVs estimam o risco de ruptura. As MAVs grandes, de fossa posterior, com drenagem venosa profunda, têm maior risco de ruptura. A decisão de tratar deve também levar em conta a experiência do serviço, adquirida após anos de tratamento de MAVs. Nós determinamos 7 fatores que devem ser avaliados diante da decisão de tratamento das MAVs 1) hemorragia prévia; 2) aneurismas associados à MAV; 3) fístula arteriovenosa; 4) fatores relacionados ao nidus; 5) idade e hábitos de vida; 6) performance funcional do paciente; 7) fatores psicológicos.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. neurocir Journal subject: Cirurgia / Neurosurgery Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Santa Julia/BR / Division of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Arq. bras. neurocir Journal subject: Cirurgia / Neurosurgery Year: 2017 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Santa Julia/BR / Division of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo/BR