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Alterações das células natural killer (NK) na síndrome mielodisplásica (SMD) / [Changes in natural killer (NK) cells in syndrome myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)]
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2011. 175 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, Inca | ID: biblio-941809
RESUMO
A síndrome mielodisplásica (SMD) compreende um grupo heterogêneo de doenças clonais da medula óssea (MO), caracterizadas por vários graus de citopenias periféricas, que pode evoluir para leucemia mielóide aguda (LMA). Tem sido discutida a possibilidade de a SMD ser mediada por mecanismos autoimunes. As células natural killer (NK) poderiam ter um papel na fisiopatologia e progressão da SMD, mas até o momento pouco se sabe sobre o assunto. Estas células são importantes componentes do sistema imune inato e possuem funções realizadas por dois subtipos distintos as CD56dim são responsáveis pela atividade citotóxica natural contra células tumorais e infectadas por vírus e as CD56bright pela produção de citocinas imunoregulatórias. As funções destas células são controladas por um conjunto de receptores ativadores e inibidores que reconhecem as células alvo e pertencem a três famílias principais receptores de citotoxicidade natural (NCR), lectina tipo C e receptores de células assassinas semelhantes a imunoglobulinas (KIR). O objetivo foi estudar alterações do comportamento das células NK em pacientes com SMD. Como a SMD é mais frequente em idosos e relativamente rara na infância, primeiramente foram avaliados os parâmetros de interesse em crianças, adultos e idosos saudáveis. Foi observada nos idosos saudáveis uma redução de expressão de receptores ativadores da família NCR em células NK e aumento da expressão de receptores da família KIR no subtipo CD56bright. As crianças apresentaram alterações semelhantes. Houve redução da expressão de NKG2D nos linfócitos T de idosos. A análise do genótipo KIR revelou que KIR2DL5 e KIR2DS3 estavam associados aos idosos...
ABSTRACT
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of clonal disorders of bone marrow (BM), characterized by varying degrees of peripheral cytopenias that can develop into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, has been discussed the possibility that MDS may be mediated by autoimmune mechanisms. Natural killer cells (NK) cells could play a role in the pathophysiology and progression of MDS, but so far little is known about the subject. These cells are important components of the innate immune system and its functions are performed by two distinct subtypes the CD56dim cells are responsible for natural cytotoxicity against tumor and cells virally infected while CD56bright cells are in charge by production of immunoregulatory cytokines. The functions of these cells are controlled by a set of inhibitory and activating receptors that recognize the target cells. There are three main families of NK cells receptors natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCR), C-type lectin receptors and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). The objective was to study changes in the performance of NK cells in MDS patients. As MDS is more common in the elderly and relatively rare in childhood, firstly the parameters of interest were evaluated in healthy children, adults and elderly. Healthy elderly presented a decrease of expression of activating receptors of NCR family in NK cells and increased expression of KIR receptors in CD56bright subset. Children showed similar results. NKG2D expression was decreased on T cells of elderly. Analysis of KIR genotype revealed that KIR2DL5 and KIR2DS3 were significantly associated with old age. Cytotoxic activity was preserved from childhood through old age, suggesting that the increase of the absolute number of CD56dim , observed in elderly, may represent a compensatory mechanism for the receptor expression alterations. In MDS patients, for the first time, was observed an increase of CD56dim and reduction of CD56bright subsets...
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Aging / Killer Cells, Natural Limits: Adult / Aged / Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Year: 2011 Type: Thesis

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Aging / Killer Cells, Natural Limits: Adult / Aged / Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Year: 2011 Type: Thesis