Responsabilidad y culpabilidad: una conceptualización desde los campos jurídico, psicológico y social / Responsibility and guilt: a conceptualization from the juridical, psychological and social fields

RESUMEN

Esta ponencia se origina en el proyecto "CONSIDERACIONES SOBRE EL CONCEPTO DE VULNERABILIDAD EN LA CLÍNICA CRIMINOLÓGICA" cuyo director es el Dr. Raúl Zaffaroni. Quienes trabajamos con sujetos involucrados con el sistema penal, nos vemos muchas veces en la situación de definir la responsabilidad de un sujeto frente a una determinada situación, corriéndose el riesgo de extrapolar conceptos provenientes de distintos campos que en apariencia delimitan los mismos fenómenos. En consecuencia, es frecuente encontrar situaciones o fallos que con el argumento de responsabilizar al sujeto, solo consiguen culpabilizarlo. Una de las líneas metodológicas de nuestro proyecto consiste en la puesta en marcha de un dispositivo de atención en el marco de la denominada Clínica de la Vulnerabilidad, brindando asistencia a personas en conflicto con la ley Penal y sus familiares. El siguiente trabajo intenta deslindar algunos elementos que están presentes en esta problemática, en la que se cruzan distintos saberes y distintos objetos, articulando conceptos como responsabilidad penal, responsabilidad subjetiva, co-culpabilidad social y culpabilidad por vulnerabilidad.

ABSTRACT

This report originates in the project "CONSIDERATIONS ON THE CONCEPT OF VULNERABILITY IN THE CLINICAL CRIMINOLOGY" whose director is the Dr. Raúl Zaffaroni. Who work with fellows involved with the penal system, we see each other many times in the situation of defining the responsibility of a fellow in front of a certain situation, being run the risk of extrapolating concepts coming from different fields that apparently define the same phenomenons. In consequence, it is frequent to find situations or shortcomings that with the argument of making responsible the fellow, alone they are able to blame him. This work tries to delimit some elements that are present in this problem, in which cross knowledge and different objects, articulating concepts like penal responsibility, subjective responsibility, social co-guilt and guilt for vulnerability. One of the methodological lines of the project consists on the setting in march of a device of attention in the mark of the one denominated Clinic of the Vulnerability, offering attendance to people in conflict with the Penal law and their relatives. The following work tries to delimit some elements that are present in this problem, in which cross different knowledge and different objects, articulating concepts like penal responsibility, subjective responsibility, social co-guilt and guilt for vulnerability.