Factores asociados al abandono de terapia antirretroviral de alta efectividad en pacientes con VIH SIDA en un hospital de tercer nivel / Factors associated with the abandonment of highly effective antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV in a third-level hospital

RESUMEN

Resumen Introducción: la baja adherencia en el tratamiento antirretroviral de alta efectividad TARGA se asocia a peores desenlaces en salud; además de las comorbilidades infecciosas, muchos pacientes con VIH/SIDA presentan asociado psicopatologia, farmacodependencia y problemas socioeconómicos. Existe alta frecuencia de abandono a la terapia en nuestro medio. Objetivo: identificar las variables asociadas al abandono de terapia TARGA en pacientes con VIH de un hospital de tercer nivel en Colombia. Métodos y resultados estudio descriptivo corte transversal se incluyeron 51 pacientes pertenecientes al programa durante un año; 12 pacientes (23%) tuvieron adherencia al tratamiento, 32 (62%) tenían antecedente de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y 33 (64%) tenían asociada alguna patología psiquiátrica. Los factores que se asociaron a la no adherencia fueron la psicopatología y la pobre red de apoyo. Conclusión: En la población a estudio se documenta alta tasa de abandono a la terapia TARGA, probablemente asociado a enfermedad mental y pobre red social. (Acta Med Colomb 2018; 43 31-36).

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: the low adherence in the highly effective antiretroviral treatment HAART is associated with worse health outcomes. In addition to infectious comorbidities, many patients with HIV / AIDS have associated psychopathology, drug dependence and socioeconomic problems. There is a high frequency of abandonment of therapy in our environment. Objective: to identify the variables associated with the abandonment of HAART therapy in patients with HIV from a third level hospital in Colombia. Methods and Results: descriptive cross-sectional study 51 patients belonging to the program during one year were included; 12 patients (23%) had adherence to treatment, 32 (62%) had a history of psychoactive substance use and 33 (64%) had some psychiatric pathology. The factors that were associated with non-adherence were psychopathology and the poor support network. Conclusion: high rate of abandonment of HAART therapy is documented in the study population, probably associated with mental illness and poor social network. (Acta Med Colomb 2018; 43 31-36).