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Physicochemical salivary properties, Lactobacillus, Mutans Streptococci counts and early childhood caries in preschool children of Colombia
Martínez-Pabón, María C; Ramírez-Puerta, Blanca S; Escobar-Paucar, Gloria M; Franco-Cortés, Ángela M.
  • Martínez-Pabón, María C; University of Antioquia. Faculty of Dentistry. Laboratory of Immunodetection and Bioanalysis. Medellín. CO
  • Ramírez-Puerta, Blanca S; University of Antioquia. Faculty of Dentistry. Salud Bucal y Bienestar Research Group. Medellín. CO
  • Escobar-Paucar, Gloria M; University of Antioquia. Faculty of Dentistry. Salud Bucal y Bienestar Research Group. Medellín. CO
  • Franco-Cortés, Ángela M; University of Antioquia. Faculty of Dentistry. Salud Bucal y Bienestar Research Group. Medellín. CO
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 23(3): 249-256, Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949670
ABSTRACT
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, in which saliva has an important role. Saliva properties affect the growth of cariogenic microorganisms, so variations below threshold levels are considered risk factors for the development of dental caries. Salivary tests and microbiological counts of cariogenic bacteria are often used for clinical purposes in order to reveal problems that could explain caries development and have been evaluated in multiple studies, but these studies have mainly been carried out on adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify physicochemical salivary properties, mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus counts among preschool children, and their relationship with ECC in a cross-sectional study in Medellin, Colombia. Caries was determined using ICDAS criteria for a sample of 201 preschool children. Stimulated saliva samples were processed for bacterial detection, mean flow rate, pH and buffer capacity calculation. Risk variables for ECC were assessed individually and adjusted using a binary logistic regression model. The results showed that 71.14% of study subjects had ECC. Flow rate, final pH and Buffer capacity increased with age, but none of them were related to the presence of ECC. Although OR analysis detected correlations between ECC, gender, age, dental eruption stage and Lactobacillus presence, binary logistic regression analysis only showed gender and Lactobacillus as strongly associated with ECC. It can be concluded that gender and Lactobacillus presence are key variables for the presence of ECC in these children; whilst age and dental eruption stage play a minor role. Further studies are required to clarify the role of mutans streptococci counts in this population and to establish normal salivary parameters as well as threshold levels for hyposalivation in preschool children, as results showed differences with normal parameters used for adults.
RESUMEN
La caries dental es una enfermedad multifactorial en la cual la saliva tiene un impacto importante. Las propiedades de la saliva afectan el crecimiento de microorganismos cariogenicos y por lo tanto las variaciones por debajo de los niveles umbral son consideradas factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de caries. Las pruebas salivares y los recuentos de microorganismos cariogenicos son utilizadas con frecuencia en la clinica para identificar factores que puedan explicar el desarrollo de lesiones cariosas y han sido evaluados en multiples estudios, pero estos han sido desarrollados principalmente en adultos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar propiedades fisicoquimicas de la saliva y recuentos de estreptococos del grupo mutans y Lactobacillus, en relacion con la Caries de la Infancia Temprana (CIT). Para esto, se realizo un estudio descriptivo transversal. Se registraron las lesiones de caries dental con el sistema ICDAS en 201 ninos pre-escolares de hogares infantiles de estrato socioeconomico medio-bajo. Se obtuvieron muestras de saliva estimulada, que fueron procesadas para detectar estreptococos del grupo mutans y Lactobacillus; se calculo la tasa de secrecion salivar, pH y capacidad Buffer. Se analizaron posibles variables indicadoras de riesgo para CIT, mediante el calculo de OR individuales por variable y OR ajustadas mediante un modelo de regresion logistica binario. Los resultados indicaron que el 71.14% de los ninos presentaban CIT. Las propiedades de la saliva mostraron un mejor comportamiento con la edad, con valores diferentes a los parametros definidos para poblaciones adultas, pero ninguna tuvo relacion con la enfermedad. El genero y la presencia de Lactobacillus mostraron asociacion fuerte en el analisis de regresion sugiriendolos como principales indicadores de riesgo para CIT en esta poblacion. Se requieren estudios prospectivos y analizar variaciones biologicas, para clarificar el papel de los estreptococos del grupo mutans y revisar los valores umbral para la evaluacion de la secrecion salivar en preescolares.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Saliva / Streptococcus mutans / Dental Caries / Lactobacillus Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: English Journal: Acta odontol. latinoam Journal subject: Dentistry Year: 2010 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: University of Antioquia/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Saliva / Streptococcus mutans / Dental Caries / Lactobacillus Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: English Journal: Acta odontol. latinoam Journal subject: Dentistry Year: 2010 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: University of Antioquia/CO