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Seasonal variation in fish trophic networks in two clear-water streams in the Central Llanos region, Venezuela
Peterson, Christopher C; Keppeler, Friedrich W; Saenz, David E; Bower, Luke M; Winemiller, Kirk O.
  • Peterson, Christopher C; Community Medical Associates. San Angelo. US
  • Keppeler, Friedrich W; Texas A&M University. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences. Interdisciplinary Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. College Station. US
  • Saenz, David E; Texas A&M University. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences. Interdisciplinary Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. College Station. US
  • Bower, Luke M; Texas A&M University. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences. Interdisciplinary Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. College Station. US
  • Winemiller, Kirk O; Texas A&M University. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences. Interdisciplinary Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. College Station. US
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 15(2): e160125, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-955181
ABSTRACT
Food webs are not static entities; consumer resource interactions vary in both time and space, which complicates depiction and comparisons of food web structures. We estimated fish assemblage structure and diets in two clear-water streams in the Venezuelan Llanos region (Charcote and Charcotico) and constructed trophic networks (sub-webs defined by fishes as the principal consumers) during four periods of the annual flood pulse. As stream conditions changed from high-water to low-water, we hypothesized that 1) the piscivore-non-piscivore ratio would increase; 2) dietary diversity would decrease; 3) interspecific dietary overlap would decline; 4) fewer allochthonous food items would be consumed; and 5) food-web connectance would increase. The piscivore-non-piscivore abundance ratio was higher in both streams during the low-water period. Dietary diversity declined as water levels dropped and availability of aquatic habitats and resources declined, but interspecific dietary overlap was not lower. Contrary to our hypothesis, average interspecific dietary overlap increased at Charcote as the dry season progressed, even though dietary overlap among species was significantly lower than expected by chance. We did not find strong support for our hypotheses regarding seasonal patterns of consumption of allochthonous resources and food web connectance, both of which revealed little seasonal variation.(AU)
RESUMO
Redes alimentares não são entidades estáticas; interações entre consumidores e recursos variam no tempo e no espaço, o que complica as representações das estruturas de redes alimentares. Nós estimamos a estrutura da assembléia de peixes e dieta em dois riachos de água clara na região venezuelana dos Llanos (Charcote e Charcotico) e construímos redes tróficas (sub-redes definidas por peixes como os principais consumidores) para quatro períodos do pulso anual de inundação. À medida que as condições dos riachos mudam de águas altas para águas baixas, nós hipotetizamos que 1) a razão piscívoros e não piscívoros irá aumentar; 2) a diversidade da dieta irá diminuir; 3) a sobreposição alimentar interespecífica irá diminuir; 4) menos itens alimentares alóctones serão consumidos; e 5) a conectância da teia alimentar irá aumentar. A razão da abundância de piscívoros e não piscívoros foi maior em ambos riachos durante a estação de águas baixas. A diversidade da dieta declinou à medida que as águas baixavam e a disponibilidade de habitats aquáticos e recursos declinavam, mas a sobreposição alimentar interespecífica não foi menor. Contrária à nossa hipótese, a média de sobreposição alimentar interespecífica aumentou no Charcote à medida que a estação cheia progrediu, mesmo com a sobreposição alimentar significativamente menor do que o esperado ao acaso. Não encontramos forte suporte para nossas hipóteses relacionadas aos padrões sazonais de consumo de recursos alóctones e conectância da cadeia trófica, os quais revelaram pouca variação sazonal.(AU)
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Seasons / Trophic Levels / Freshwater Biology / Fishes Limits: Animals Country/Region as subject: South America / Venezuela Language: English Journal: Neotrop. ichthyol Year: 2017 Type: Article / Project document Institution/Affiliation country: Community Medical Associates/US / Texas A&M University/US

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Seasons / Trophic Levels / Freshwater Biology / Fishes Limits: Animals Country/Region as subject: South America / Venezuela Language: English Journal: Neotrop. ichthyol Year: 2017 Type: Article / Project document Institution/Affiliation country: Community Medical Associates/US / Texas A&M University/US