Hipertensión arterial y factores de riesgo en los médicos del Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, Quito-Ecuador / High blood pressure and risk factors in Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital doctors
Cambios rev. méd
;
16(2): 45-50, jul.- 2017. ^etab
Article
in Spanish
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-981218
RESUMEN
Introducción: La condición de salud cardiovascular y el grado de exposición al estrés laboral de los médicos especialistas que trabajan en un hospital de alta complejidad es poco conocida. Siendo la enfermedad cardiovascular la principal causa de morbimortalidad en el mundo y la hipertensión arterial su más importante factor de riesgo, evaluar estos parámetros lo consideramos prioritario. Material y Métodos: A través de una encuesta validada internacionalmente y la medición de la presión arterial realizamos un estudio de corte transversal a 220 médicos especialistas, divididos en dos grupos (áreas críticas y consulta externa) y establecimos su asociación con la edad, sexo, factores psicosociales, índice de masa corporal (IMC), tabaquismo, violencia y tiempo de trabajo. Resultados: La hipertensión arterial fue del 34.6% y el IMC >25 kg/m2 56.9% sin diferencia significativa entre los grupos de médicos. Destacaron además la violencia física presente en un 22% y los factores psicosociales con 34 % evaluados mediante el modelo de desequilibrio esfuerzo/ recompensa (ERI). Discusión: La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial e IMC >25 kg/m2 es alta con una asociación directa, lo que requiere de una estrategia de salud preventiva, mientras que los factores de riesgo psicosocial y la violencia necesitan mayores estudios a futuro.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The cardiovascular health condition and the degree of exposure to occupational stress that physicians working in a hospital of high complexity suffer are not yet known. Being the cardiovascular disease the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and hypertension, the leading risk factor, the objective of this study was assessing these variables. Methods: Using an internationally validated survey and applying the standard blood pressure measurement, we performed a cross-sectional study with 220 attending physicians working at hospital critical areas and outpatient clinics, in order to link variables like: age, sex, psychosocial factors, body mass index (BMI), smoking, violence and working time with arterial hypertension. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in the studied sample was 34.6%. A BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 was found in 56.9% of the attendings studied. Physical violence at work was reported by 22% of the surveyed physicians and psychosocial factors were mentioned by 34 % of the studied subjects, using the model of imbalance effort/ reward ERI. Discussion: Arterial hypertension had a direct relationship with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2, therefore, a preventive health strategy is needed to be implemented among physicians, whereas, the role of psychosocial risk factors and violence need to be established by further research.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Health Status
/
Risk Factors
/
Occupational Stress
/
Health Workforce
/
Hypertension
Type of study:
Etiology study
/
Observational study
/
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
South America
/
Ecuador
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Cambios rev. méd
Journal subject:
Medicine
/
Public Health
Year:
2017
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Ecuador
Institution/Affiliation country:
Epidemióloga/EC
/
Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín/EC
/
Lic. Enfermería/EC
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