Red blood cell alloimmunization among hospitalized patients: transfusion reactions and low alloantibody identification rate
Hematol., Transfus. Cell Ther. (Impr.)
;
40(4): 326-331, Oct.-Dec. 2018. tab
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-984500
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background:
Unexpected red blood cell alloantibodies can cause hemolytic transfusion reactions. In this study, the prevalence of alloimmunization, the rate of identification of alloantibodies and the rate of blood transfusion reactions among transfused patients were identified in a clinical emergency hospital in Brazil.Methods:
Transfusions and clinical records of patients who had a positive indirect antiglobulin test between January and December 2013 were analyzed.Results:
Of 1169 patients who received blood transfusions, 28 had positive indirect antiglobulin tests, with one patient having two positive tests at different times, resulting in 29 positive tests during the period of this study. Alloantibodies were identified in 58.6% (17/29) of the cases. In 27.5% (8/29), identification was inconclusive and it was not possible to confirm alloimmunization. The rate of red blood cell alloimmunization was 1.71% (21/1169). Of 21 cases of alloimmunization, four (19%) were unidentified due to an unusual agglutination profile. All identified alloantibodies were clinically significant (10/17 anti-Rh, 5/17 anti-Kell and 2/17 anti-MNS). In two patients who had positive indirect antiglobulin tests, one had an unidentified alloantibody, and the other had an inconclusive test and developed a hemolytic transfusion reaction.Conclusion:
The prevalence of clinically important red blood cell alloantibodies and hemolytic transfusion reactions among patients with unidentified alloantibodies suggests that specific laboratory techniques should be performed to identify alloantibodies in cases of pan-reactivity or autoantibodies to improve transfusion safety.
Full text:
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Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Erythrocyte Transfusion
/
Erythrocytes
/
Transfusion Reaction
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Hematol., Transfus. Cell Ther. (Impr.)
Journal subject:
Hematologia
/
TransfusÆo de Sangue
Year:
2018
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG/BR
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