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Central role of obesity in endothelial cell dysfunction and cardiovascular risk
Lima Júnior, José Carlos de; Moura-Assis, Alexandre; Cintra, Riobaldo M; Quinaglia, Thiago; Velloso, Lício A; Sposito, Andrei C.
  • Lima Júnior, José Carlos de; State University of Campinas. Department of Internal Medicine. Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis. Campinas. BR
  • Moura-Assis, Alexandre; State University of Campinas. Department of Internal Medicine. Laboratory of Cell Signaling. Campinas. BR
  • Cintra, Riobaldo M; State University of Campinas. Department of Internal Medicine. Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis. Campinas. BR
  • Quinaglia, Thiago; State University of Campinas. Department of Internal Medicine. Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis. Campinas. BR
  • Velloso, Lício A; State University of Campinas. Department of Internal Medicine. Laboratory of Cell Signaling. Campinas. BR
  • Sposito, Andrei C; State University of Campinas. Department of Internal Medicine. Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis. Campinas. BR
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(1): 87-97, Jan. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-985008
ABSTRACT
SUMMARY Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of mortality in the contemporary world. The critical role of the endothelial cells (EC) in vascular homeostasis, the metabolic changes that take place when the cell is activated, and the elements involved in these processes have been widely explored over the past years. Obesity and its impact, promoting a rise in blood levels of free fatty acids (FAs) are often associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular mortality. However, the mechanisms that promote cardiovascular structural changes and adaptive changes in the ECs, particularly in the context of obesity, are little known. Here, we reviewed studies that assessed the metabolic adaptations of healthy and dysfunctional ECs during exposure to FAs, as well as the epidemiological perspectives of cardiovascular structural changes in obesity. Finally, we explored the role of new agents - sphingolipids, dietary unsaturated fatty acids and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (iSGLT2) - in atherosclerosis and their relationship with obesity.
RESUMO
RESUMO A aterosclerose é a causa líder de mortalidade no mundo contemporâneo. O papel central da célula endotelial (EC) na homeostase vascular, as alterações metabólicas que ocorrem quando a célula se torna ativada e os elementos envolvidos nesses processos vêm sendo bastante explorados nos últimos anos. A obesidade e o seu impacto, promovendo uma elevação dos níveis sanguíneos de ácidos graxos (FAs) livres, é bastante associada à aterosclerose e à mortalidade cardiovascular. Entretanto, os mecanismos que promovem alterações estruturais cardiovasculares e alterações adaptativas nas ECs, particularmente no contexto da obesidade, são pouco conhecidos. Aqui, nós revisamos estudos que avaliaram as adaptações metabólicas das ECs normais e disfuncionais durante exposição a FAs, bem como as perspectivas epidemiológicas das alterações cardiovasculares estruturais na obesidade. Finalmente, exploramos o papel de novos atores — esfingolípides, ácidos graxos insaturados da dieta e inibidores do cotransportador de sódio-glucose 2 (iSGLT2) — na aterosclerose e sua relação com a obesidade.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Endothelial Cells / Atherosclerosis / Obesity Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: State University of Campinas/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Endothelial Cells / Atherosclerosis / Obesity Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) Year: 2019 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: State University of Campinas/BR