Diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients attending the outpatient clinic of N.I.D.E: prevalence and risk factors

ABSTRACT

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease [ESRD] worldwide, and it is estimated that 20% of type 2 diabetic patients reach ESRD during their lifetime [2]. Incidence of diabetes in Egypt was estimated to be 9-11% [5]. Our study is the first large study which try to evaluate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and its risk factors in Egyptian diabetic patients. The study included 2651 type 2 Egyptian diabetic patients attending the outpatient clinics of N.I.D.E. Our results show that 74.2% of our patients [1968 patients] have chronic kidney disease. Stage 1 [normal GFR and urine abnormality] and stage2 [mild decrease of GFR] represent more than 88% of them. This is the stage where we can do our best to prevent renal failure. CKD patients have older age, longer duration of diabetes, higher systolic and diastolic BP, higher FBS, glycated Hb, triglycerides LDL, uric acid, waist circumference and low HDL compared with non CKD diabetic patients. As regard GFR, 8.9% [236 patients] of our patients have hypofiltration and 26% [689 patients] have hyperfiltration. There is an urgent need to launch a national diabetes control program to tackle the potential economic burden due to diabetic nephropathy in Egypt