Unmasking immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome [IRIS] A report of five cases and review of the literature

ABSTRACT

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes [IRIS] in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome [AIDS] are characterised by atypical manifestations of opportunistic pathogens. These occur in patients experiencing improvement in CD4 cell counts following receipt of highly active anti-retroviral therapy [HAART]. Although well established as a syndrome, IRIS still presents challenges in diagnosis and management. We report five cases of IRIS with diverse clinical presentations and due to different infectious aetiologies. A review of the published literature on this syndrome is also included