Pattern of chromosomal abnormalities in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]

ABSTRACT

To study the cytogenetic profile of newly diagnosed patients with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]. Prospective case control study. Tertiary care hospital in India. Newly diagnosed patients with pediatric ALL. Karyotype analysis of bone marrow aspirate samples by routine G-Banding technique and analysis as per International System for Cytogenetic Nomenclature [ISCN], 2005 criteria. Cytogenetic parameters. The study included 23 male and eight female patients [MF = 2.81]. ALL-L2 was the most common morphlogical phenotype [18 / 31, 58%]. Sixteen out of thirty one [51.6%] patients were hypodiploid [2n < 46], 10 / 31 [32.0%] hyperdiploid [2n >46] and 5/ 31 [16.0%] aneuploid. Among hypodiploid groups, nine [29.0%] had modal chromosome number as 40-45, five [16.0%] as 31-39 and two [6.5%] as 25-30. Among hyperdiploid group, 7 [22.5%] had modal chromosome number as 51-60 followed by 2n = 47-50 [three patients, 6.5%]. The chromosomes [Chr] 2, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19 gain of Chr 4, 8, 10, 14 and 20 were observed in hyperdiploid group. Translocation t [10;14], t [9;22], t [2;22], t [8;22] and t [4;11] were seen in 04 [12.8%], 03 [9.6%], 02 [6.4% each] and one patient [3.2%] respectively. Adverse cytogenetic parameters such as hypodiploidy and translocations such as t [10;14], t [9;22], t [2;22], t [8;22] and t [4;11] were more common in our cohort of patients